I04 VESTIGES OF THE 



ting in huge claws, wherewith to grasp the branches, from 

 which, Hke its existing congener, the sloth, it derived its 

 food. The inegalonyx was a similar animal, only some- 

 what less than the preceding. Finally, the pliocene gives 

 us for the tirst time, oxen, deer, camels, and other speci- 

 mens of the rnniinaniia. 



Such is an outline of the fauna of the tertiary era, 

 as ascertained by the illustrious naturalists who first 

 devoted their attention to it. It will be observed that 

 it l>rings us up to the felinne, or carnivora, a considerably 

 elevated point in the animal scale, but still leaving a 

 bl ink for the quadrumana (monkeys) and for man, who 

 collectively form, as will be afterwards seen, the first 

 group in that scale. It sometimes happens, however, as 

 we have seen, that a few rare traces of a particular class 

 ol' animals are in time found in formations originally 

 thoaght to be destitute of them, displaying as it were a 

 dawn of that department of creation. Such seems to be 

 the case with at least the quadrumana. A jaw-bone and 

 tooth of an animal of this ordei', and belonging to the 

 genus macacus, were found in the London clay (eocene), 

 at Kyson, near Woodbridge, in 1839. Another jaw-bone, 

 containing several teeth, supposed to have belonged to a 

 species of monkey about three feet high, was discovered 

 about the same time in a stratum of mail surmounted 

 by compact limestone, in the department of Clers, at the 

 foot of the Pyrenees. Associated with this last were 

 i-emains of not less that thirty mammiferous quadrupeds, 

 including three species of rhinoceros, a large anoplothe- 

 rium, three species of deer, two antelopes, a true dog, a 

 Lu'ge cat, an animal like a weazel, a small hare, and a 

 liuge species of the edentata. Both of these places are 

 considerably to the nortli of any region now iidiabited 1)V 

 the monkey tribes. Fossil remains of quadrumana have 



