12 VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY, 



always be quite moderate in quantity, and carefully prepared. The pail 

 in which it is made is the best to feed it from, for if poured into the 

 manger, it will sour and contaminate everything afterwards placed in the 

 same receptacle. 



To prepare a bran mash, place two quarts good bran into a pail, and 

 pour boiling water over it, mix thoroughly with a stick, and let it stand 

 until cool enough to use. 



Bread mash is made by soaking a loaf of bread, broken up, in fresh 

 milk until it is thoroughly saturated, and can be reduced to a pulp; add 

 a little salt. 



Linseed mash is made by boiling a half pound of flaxseed (not ground) 

 in two quarts of water until it is reduced to about three pints. Pour this 

 over bran instead of water and mix. 



Mangers. — A horse with a free discharge from the nostrils should, 

 as a general rule, be fed from a temporary manger or bucket jilaced near 

 the ground, as the depending position of the head, whilst the animal is 

 feeding, will facilitate the discharge. A wheelbarrow will serve very well, 

 as a make-shift for this purpose. But where the patient shows signs of 

 lieadache, as is often the case especially in feverish attacks, this jjosition, 

 Avhich would determine more blood to the head, is very undesirable. 

 Steaming the head is very beneficial in catarrhal affections. 



When a horse has a discharge of a suspicious character as to its nature, 

 he should be tied up suffiijiuntly to prevent his throwing it about all parts 

 of the walls of the box. 



Hand-rubbing of the legs is very useful in relieving any little 

 fulness arising from over- work or in other cases from the absence of 

 proper exercise. The jiressure and friction thereby given excites the 

 blood-vessels and absorbents to increased action. 



A good bed is essential to comfort. Fresh clean straw certainly 

 looks nicest, and has undoubtedly the advantages of cleanliness and 

 sweetness; but many practical men prefer a bed made of old straw litter 

 collected, but of course carefully cleaned and dried. It makes a softer, 

 firmer, and more substantial bed; while on the other liand the long hard 

 ends of the new straws, especially Avheat, are apt to irritate and annoy a 

 weakly and sensitive patient. 



Fomentations, to be really useful, should be continued for at least 

 one or two hours at a time. The temperature of the water should not 

 exceed 106°, or hardly as hot as the hand can comfortably bear. The 



