20 



VETEKINAKY MEDICINE AND SURGEKY. 



Appliations to the Schneiderian membrane can best be made by the 

 use of Eey's tube. Fig. 12. 



The long arm of the tube is fifteen inches in length, 

 and one and a half inches in diameter, expanding and 

 funnel-shaped above, where the broadest part is two 

 inches wide. The short arm is five inches in length, 

 and the aperture two-thirds of an inch in diameter. 

 Over the short arm is passed a closely-fitting leather 

 ring, four and a half inches in diameter. This serves 

 as the surface over which, and round the short arm, 

 wet tow may be adapted, so that, on introducing the 

 small tube in the nostril, the latter is compressed care- 

 fully on to the tow; at the same time fluid is poured 

 into the funnel, and rises in the nasal chamber. If 

 the horse's head be bent in and held as much as possible 

 in a perpendicular position, the lotion will pass out at 

 the opposite nostril. There is sometimes alitle difficulty 

 in performing this operation with awkward horses, but 

 by quiet means they may be accustomed to the opera- 

 tion. Some persons advocate twitching; occasionally the ear may be 

 twitched; the animals sometimes require to be blindfolded, but at others 

 it is best to let them see what is being done; and most frequently not 

 the slightest trouble attends the injection. It is an invaluable method 

 of using remedies in the treatment of diseases of the nose. 



Injections. — A number of instruments have been constructed with a 

 view to force fluids into the intestines of man and animals. The false 

 notion has been acted on, that enema syringes or pumps are valuable in 

 proportion to the force with which they will projDcl liquids into the in- 

 testinal tube. It has been said, that by that means you overcome obstruc- 

 tions, and may even under other circumstances carry nutritive fluids into 

 the caecum, Avliere they will be absorbed. 



The best instrument to use for enemas in the horse is Gamgee's funnel. 

 Fig. 13. It consists of a straight metallic tube twelve inches long, tapered 

 and rounded off at one end, bent at a right angle at the opposite extrem- 

 ity, Avhicli supports a broad funnel about six inches deep, and seven in its 

 greatest diameter. The funnel need not be so large. In using this in- 

 strument, its extremity requires to be oiled before introduction into the 

 rectum; so soon as this is effected, the fluid — water, with a little oil, is 



