DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS. 149 



In the greater number of cases, in the early stages, the pulse will vary 

 in frequency from sixty to seventy per minute, and in character from 

 weak and feeble to rather strong, the temperature ranging from 103° F. 

 to 105° F. In the slightly affected cases the appetite will not be im- 

 paired, and the bowels may be natural. In the severely seized the animal 

 is i^rostrate, perfectly unable to rise, will neither eat nor drink, but con- 

 tinues to make ineffectual attempts to rise, and struggles violently with 

 his legs until completely exhausted. In these latter there are occasionally 

 indications of cerebral disturbance, partial coma, with much engorge- 

 ment of conjunctival membranes. 



During the time they remain recumbent, also in many cases which have 

 been placed in slings, there are periodic fits of straining, ejectment of small 

 quantities of dirty-colored urine, or constant and involuntary dribbling 

 of it from the passages . 



The only diseases in the horse with which this affection may be con- 

 founded are anthrax and cerebrospinal fever. From the former of these 

 it may be differentiated — 1. By the constancy of lameness or defect of 

 motor-power in the third limbs, which in anthrax is rarely or only occa- 

 sionally exhibited; 2. The comparative frequency of this affection and 

 its special liability to follow rest and liberal dieting; 3. The presence in 

 anthrax of the specific organisms, the bacillus anthracis, and the jiower 

 of propagation by inoculation; 4. The rarity of recovery in anthrax as 

 compared with azoturia. From cerebro-spinal fever it is distinguished 

 — 1. By the physical and chemical characters of the urine; 2. By the 

 non-coincidence of the appearance of cerebro-spinal fever with conditions 

 of rest and peculiarities of diet; 3. By the greater constancy in this dis- 

 ease of morbid lesions in connection with the organs of assimilation as 

 contrasted with those observed in the great nerve-centres in the other." 



Treatment. — Keep the various excretory organs acting freely, in 

 order to assist nature in expelling the degraded products from the circu- 

 lation. For this purpose a cathartic or oleaginous aperient ought to be 

 administered without delay. Give preferably : 



Aloes 3vi. 



Ginger 3ij. 



Linseed meal, 



Molasses aa, sufficient. 



The kidneys generally act freely enough, and need no stimulus; but 



