GENERAL, CONTAaiOtJS, AND ENZOOTIC DISEASES. 271 



trils, and by the glutinous discharge drying around them; abscesses 

 speedily form along the course of the lymphatics of the face. The urine 

 is pale, watery, and increased in quantity. 

 Acute glanders is rapidly fatal. 

 Chronic Glanders is the common form seen in the horse. 



In some instances the disease presents itself in such a mild form that 

 the general health is scarcely affected. There will be a discharge from 

 one or both nostrils, generally from one nostril, and that very often the 

 near (left) one. The submaxillary lymphatic glands are swollen and 

 hard; the hardness and swelling are of a remitting nature, very often 

 varying in size in a short period. For example, a horse may be left at 

 night with scarcely any discoverable swelling, and found in the morning 

 with a hard knot under the jaw, which is both easily seen and felt. The 

 swelling may continue for several days, afterwards slowly disappear, and 

 then reappear as rapidly as before. This condition may exist before any 

 discharge issues from the nose, and a horse so affected is elegantly said 

 to be ''jugged." If the nostril of such a horse be examined, it will be 

 found to be paler in color than natural, or perhaps tawny, coppery, and 

 sometimes of a dull leaden hue. The discharge of glanders presents a 

 starchy or glue-like appearance, adheres to the nostrils, where it dries 

 and accumulates, causing the nasal opening of the affected side to appear 

 smaller or more contracted than in health. 



These appearances, in addition to a weak or de litated condition of 

 the eye of the affected side, may be all the symptoms present in a case of 

 chronic glanders; indeed in some instances there may be nothing but the 

 discharge from the nostril to lead one to suspect anything wrong with 

 the animal, and the diagnosis is consequently very difficult, more partic- 

 ularly if the case is a solitary one; but where glanders is found to exisl 

 in a stable, any suspicious symptom becomes significant. I have said 

 nothing about the glanders-ulcer, because in many instances of chronic 

 glanders the ulcer is undiscoverable; indeed in some rare cases ulcers are 

 never found either before or after death. For this reason Percivall 

 limited the term chronic to that form in which no ulcers could be de- 

 tected. He says, however, that they are always present in the frontal 

 sinuses. 



Acute Farcy, which together with chronic farcy has just been stated 

 to be another manifestation of glanders, is initiated in very similar man- 

 ner to acute glanders. A general swelling of the cutaneous tissues takes 



