JAUNDICE. ICTEEUS. 313 



membranes and the skin. There is usually loss of appetite, 

 a slimy furred tongue ; dry, hard dung covered with mucus. 

 The digestive organs are most disturbed, and the colouring 

 principles of bile are discharged by the kidneys, as proved by 

 ( the manner in which it tinges paper when dipped in the 

 urine and dried. If jaundice is not relieved, the animal com- 

 pletely loses its appetite, becomes anaemic, its limbs are occa- 

 sionally oedematous, and the temperature of the body becomes 

 very low. These symptoms often continue, notwithstanding- 

 active measures being directed for their removal. 



Post-mortem appearances. In cases of jaundice which 

 terminate fatally, the gall-ducts are found indurated or ob- 

 structed by gall-stones, hydatids, abscesses, or other enlarge- 

 ments which form on them. 



The treatment of jaundice consists in the internal use of 

 aloes and saline purgatives. After these, if jaundice continue, 

 a dose of calomel may be given, but perhaps greater reliance 

 can be placed in continuing with neutral salts, such as nitre 

 and sulphate of soda, in two or four ounce doses daily. Tur- 

 pentine in linseed tea, either alone or combined with aloes, 

 has been recommended, besides the external use of rube- 

 facients. Clysters prove of great service in the treatment of 

 this disease: 



HYPEE^MIA, OK CONGESTION OF THE LIVEK. 

 H^EPATIEEHCEA. 



Heat, good feeding, and inactivity, are great causes of hepatic 

 derangement. In all animals, as in man, this is observed, 

 though in the latter the use of alcoholic beverages, besides 

 other circumstances incidental to a very artificial mode of liv- 

 ing, favour materially congest] on and other diseases of the liver. 



The pampered horse is, however,, subject to maladies of 

 this organ to no small extent. 



