DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 569 



tions made by Dr Watson, in his " Lectures on the Principles 

 and Practice of Physic." These observations are strictly 

 applicable to what we observe in the lower animals, and 

 especially in the horse and dog. Keferring to engorgement, 

 he says, " All modern observers agree, I believe, both as to 

 the nature and the name of this condition. The substance 

 of the lung is gorged with blood, or bloody serum. It is of 

 a dark red colour externally, and crepitates less under pres- 

 sure than sound lung does. We feel that there is more 

 liquid than air in its cells. It is heavier, also, than natural, 

 inelastic, and retains, in some degree, the impression of the 

 finger. When the engorged portion is cut, we find it red, 

 and we see a great quantity of a reddish and frothy serum 

 flow from it. Its cohesion is at the same time diminished ; 

 it is more easily torn ; more, in that respect, like the spleen ; 

 and, accordingly, the term splenization of the lung has 

 been given to this stage of its inflammation, as hepatization 

 has to that which succeeds it. In this stage of engorgement 

 the mucous membrane of the smaller bronchial ramifications 

 is of a deep red colour. The portions most engorged, 

 although their specific gravity is increased, will nevertheless 

 almost always float in water." 



Congestion of the lungs has, perhaps, been more frequently 

 seen as the result of a hard run in the hunting-field, than 

 from any other cause. A case is recorded by Mr John Field, 

 which appears to have been due to violent coughing and 

 bleeding. 



Symptoms. The animal is in a state of great disturbance, 

 standing with outstretched legs, the head is sunken, nostrils 

 expanded, eyes prominent and bloodshot, the animal pants, 

 and its flanks are heaving at the rate of from 80 to 100 per 

 minute. The pulse is indistinct at the jaw, but felt at the 

 brachial artery, to be at from 80 to 1 00 per minute, small, 



