570 DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 



thready, and compressible ; heart's action tumultuous. 

 There is sometimes a slight discharge of blood from the 

 nose, restlessness, grunting, partial sweats, cold limbs and 

 ears, mouth hot and dry. If bleeding is attempted, the 

 blood often trickles like tar, and will not flow freely. 



Auscultation. I have on several occasions noticed the 

 minute crackling or crepitating noise described by human phy- 

 sicians. It is heard over the whole chest in severe attacks of 

 congestion. Dr Watson says, " You hear a peculiar crack- 

 ling sound; the smallest and finest possible kind of crepita- 

 tion; which has been happily illustrated by saying that it 

 resembles the multitudinous little crackling explosions made 

 by salt when it is scattered on red-hot coals. Andral has 

 another resemblance for it, and not a bad one ; he says, the 

 noise is often like that which is produced by rumpling a 

 very fine piece of parchment. Dr Williams observes, that a 

 pretty correct idea of this sound may be obtained in a ready 

 way, by rubbing between the finger and thumb a lock of 

 one's own hair close to the ear. Lsennec calls this crepitant 

 rhonchus; I would speak of it as minute crepitation" 



When a horse, after a severe gallop and exposure, mani- 

 fests much oppression, with an active congestion, resulting 

 in haemoptysis and sudden death, the case is properly termed 

 pulmonary apoplexy. 



Treatment. In the earliest stage a stimulant may greatly 

 relieve the animal. A full dose of chloroform, sulphuric or 

 nitric ether, from one to two ounces of either, in cold water, 

 will be attended with the best results. Hot whisky or 

 brandy and water may activate and regularise the flow of 

 blood, so as to cut short a very dangerous attack. Some 

 strongly recommend a free abstraction of blood. 



If the first symptom has passed, or if the stimulant has 

 been given, warm cloths must be placed on the animal's 



