SPOEADIC PLEUKO-PNEUMONIA. 591 



name of the disease indicates. In a number of the best veteri- 

 nary works no special allusion is made to pleuro-pneumonia 

 in the horse and other animals, with the exception of the 

 epizootic lung disease of cattle. A very imperfect sketch of 

 the malady is given by Mr John Field, and Mr Percivall 

 only says that pneumonia admits of division into simple and 

 complicated. The complicated pneumonia is either associ- 

 ated with bronchitis, broncho-pneumonia, or pleurisy, pleuro- 

 pneumonia. 



Symptoms in the Horse. The early symptoms of an 

 attack of pneumonia or pleurisy are followed by active fever, 

 rhonchus, pain on pressing in the intercostal spaces, with 

 quick, painful, subdued cough, tendency to oedema beneath 

 the chest, in the sheath and limbs, with effusion also in the 

 pleural cavities. The consolidation of a considerable portion 

 of one or both lungs is ascertained both by auscultation and 

 percussion. As the disease advances the respiratory murmur 

 is absent at the most dependent part of the chest, and with 

 the accumulation of fluid there is more and more dulness 

 from below upwards. 



Symptoms in Cattle and Sheep. Sporadic pleuro-pneu- 

 monia observed on a few members of a herd of cattle or flock 

 of sheep, is not an unfrequent disease. So far as cattle are 

 concerned, I rely more on the history to prove that I have 

 not to deal with the contagious lung disease than on the 

 symptoms, though the latter are far from unsatisfactory. 

 When chest affections occur in home-bred cattle on farms, 

 and in counties and districts where animals are never im- 

 ported, and no chance of contamination with diseased stock 

 having occurred, I find that they are easily cured, and soon 

 stop without a fatal issue. I had some cases last winter, and 

 one, particularly, was seen by some practical men, who be- 

 lieved, on opening the chest, they had to deal with a case of 



