PLEUKO-PNEUMONIA 595 



how felt himself driven to, as stated in his official report on 

 murrain in horned cattle,* that steppe murrain and pulmo- 

 nary murrain existed, side by side, during last century. Dr 

 Greenhow referred particularly to Britain I refer to Europe. 

 There are certainly some points of contrast between the two 

 diseases. In tracing the history of the destruction amongst 

 cattle by plagues from 1710 to 1800, we can distinctly indi- 

 cate outbreaks extending from Eussia westward. There have 

 always been specific invasions of the steppe disease, and it is 

 easy to demonstrate that this malady penetrated to the south 

 of Italy, into France as far as Tranche Comte, Dauphine,and to 

 Paris, and across Prussia, Holland, and into England. But 

 the same causes which led to an active transport of cattle 

 from east to west, led to outbreaks of the pleuro-pneumonia, 

 which, in times of peace, might be regarded as enzootic in 

 the Alps of Central Europe. Herds infested with contagious 

 typhus, were doubtless mingled with cattle that were affected 

 with pleuro-pneumonia : the combination of the two diseases 

 may account for the terrible devastation amongst cattle which 

 turned the attention of many illustrious physicians to the 

 study of epizootics, and which soon led to the institution of 

 veterinary colleges. Is it not remarkable that the prevalence 

 especially of one malady, the lung disease, which gave a great 

 impetus to the study of veterinary science, has since been, in 

 the eyes of the world, the cause of much dissatisfaction as to 

 the limited powers of the veterinary profession in dealing 

 with epizootic diseases a veritable opprobrium scientice ? 



The outbreak of pleuro-pneumonia in different countries 

 beyond the centres of spontaneous origin above mentioned, is 

 wholly due to contagion, and the contagious nature of this 

 virulent malady is incontestibly proved by an overwhelming 



* Report on Murrain in Horned Cattle, &c. 1857. 



