I 4 6 THE WOOD FERNS. 



tinct species, the indusium is described as glandular and 

 that according to Eaton, specimens of true spinulosum 

 with glandular indusia have been collected in America. 

 The young fern student will encounter no more perplex- 

 ing problems than the separation of these forms presents. 

 When possible he should compare his specimens with 

 others that are known to be authentic. All are ever- 



Aspidium spinulosum dilatatum. Lowest Pinna. 



green though the blades do not remain erect during the 

 winter. 



This group is found from Canada to North Carolina 

 and northwestward to Alaska. The type is rather rare 

 with us, but is more common in Europe and Asia. Inter- 

 medium does not seem to be found abroad. Dilatatum 

 is the common form in Alaska. It is said that its root- 

 stock is the first vegetable food the Alaska Indians are able 

 to obtain in spring. It is dug before the fronds develop 

 and baked in pits lined with hot stones. It is reported 

 to have a slightly sweetish taste but to be too smoky and 

 tobacco-like in flavour for any but an Indian's palate. 



