PINE FAMILY 



RED PINE. NORWAY PINE. CANADIAN PINE 



Plnus resinbsa. 



Usually seventy to eighty feet high, with straight trunk two to 

 three feet diameter ; in old age forming an open picturesque head. 

 Range is northward from Newfoundland to Manitoba, in United 

 States is most abundant in Michigan, Wis- 

 consin, and Minnesota. Found on dry gravel- 

 ly or light sandy soils, or dry rocky ridges. 

 Grows rapidly in cultivation. 



Bark. Bright reddish brown, divided by 

 shallow fissures into shallow scaly ridges. 

 Branchlets stout, smooth, pale orange at first, 

 then darker orange and finally reddish brown. 

 Charged with tannic acid. 



Wood. Pale red, sapwood yellow or white ; 

 light, hard, close-grained. Contains broad, 

 dark-colored, very resinous bands of small 

 summer cells. Used for buildings, bridges, 

 piles, masts and spars ; largely exported from 

 Canada. Sp. gr., 0.4854 ; weight of cu. ft., 

 30.25 Ibs. 



Buds. Branch-buds ovate, acute, one to 

 three-fourths of an inch long, covered with 

 loosely imbricated, pale brown scales ; bases 

 of scales persistent for several years. 



Leaves. In clusters of two ; four to six 

 inches long, slender, flexible, dark green, 

 shining, serrulate, acute with callous tips ; 

 fibre-vascular bundles two ; sheaths firm, per- 

 sistent, half an inch to an inch long. 



Flowers. Staminate flowers borne in a 

 dense cluster on the recent shoots, occupying 

 the place of the leaves for an inch or more, 

 linear-oblong, one-fourth to three-fourths of 

 an inch long ; anthers dark reddish purple 

 with orbicular toothed crests ; scales six, de- 

 ciduous by articulation above the base. Pistil- 

 late flowers terminal, almost globular ; scales 

 scarlet, ovate, borne on stout peduncles cov- 

 ered with pale brown bracts. 

 Cones. Subterminal, solitary or clustered, mature the second 

 year, ovate-conical, two to two and one-half inches long, smooth, 

 scales slightly thickened at the apex, rounded, devoid of spine or 



450 



Red Pine, Pinus rcsinosa. 

 Leaves 4' to & long. 



