CONSTITUTION OF THE ANIMAL AND PLANT KINGDOMS. 47 



evitable from the improvement of the ways and means of scientific 

 research. What remains to be effected in biological research, is the 

 enlargement and extension of the types themselves an increase 

 of knowledge which has, indeed, been carried out along the very 

 lines which led Cuvier to those remarkable generalisations that have 

 formed the basis of modern natural history studies. 



Although naturalists are by no means agreed concerning the exact 

 number and relationship of the " types " represented in the animal 

 world, the following table may serve to show the fundamental 

 divisions of the animal kingdom as expressed in modern systems 

 of zoological classification. 



VERTEBRATA 

 (Fishes, Reptiles, Birds, Quadrupeds). 



MOLLUSCA 

 <Cuttle-fishes, Shell-fish, &c.). 



MOLLUSCOIDA 

 (Polyzoa, Sea-squirts). 



ARTICULATA 

 (Insects, Spiders, Crustacea). 



ECHINODERMATA 

 (Star-fishes, Sea-urchins, &c.). 



VERMES 

 (Worms). 



CCELENTERATA 



<CoraIs, Anemones, Hydrse, Zoophytes). 



Sponges. 



Infusorians. 



PROTOZOA 

 (Lowest Animals Amoebae, &c.) 



