226 FIELD CROPS 



and the lowest, that for Kansas, $7.39. In general, the 

 higher acre values are found in the New England, Rocky 

 Mountain, and Pacific states, and the lower in the Central 

 and Southern states. 



275. Cost of Production. The reports of about two 

 hundred correspondents of the Bureau of Statistics, as 

 reported in the Crop Reporter for October, 1911, show that 

 the average cost of producing an acre of barley in 1909 in 

 the United States was $10.05, divided as follows: preparing 

 ground, $1.84; seed, $1.14; sowing, 46 cents; harvesting, 

 $1.28; preparing for market, $1.50; rental value of land, 

 $3.17; other items, 66 cents. As the average value of an 

 acre of barley that year was $12.15, the crop shows a net 

 return of $2.10 an acre for the grain alone. In California, 

 the average cost was $10.46, with a value of $16.35; Minne- 

 sota, $9.43, value $10.43; and Wisconsin, $12.49, value $15.18. 

 The cost of a bushel of grain averaged 36.4 cents for the 

 entire United States, 31.7 cents for California, 37.7 cents for 

 Minnesota, and 41.6 cents for Wisconsin. 



INSECTS AND DISEASES 



276. Insect Enemies. The insects which are most 

 troublesome in growing barley are the chinch bug, spring 

 grain aphis, and Hessian fly. A discussion of these insects 

 has already been given (Sec. 206). 



The most destructive insects in stored barley are the 

 grain weevil and the Angoumois grain moth. The most 

 effective way of preventing damage from weevils and moths 

 is to store the grain in tight bins and fumigate occasionally 

 with carbon bisulfid. 



277. Diseases. The most injurious diseases of barley 

 are the rusts and smuts. The two kinds of rust and two 



