NEW JERSEY: SHORES OF NEW YORK BAY. 



383 



Detailed statement of capital invested and apparatus employed. 



Detailed statement of the quantities and values of the products. 



a Including 150,000 pounds used for fertilizing purposes. 



138. SANDY HOOK BAY. 



LOAVER BAY. The fisliiug interests of New Jersey in this bay are confined to the manufacture 

 of menhaden oil and guano. Five large factories are in active operation during the summer 

 months, most of them doing a large business. The oil and guano factory of Day & Shipman, at 

 Highland Park, i.s a small one which runs only part of the season. Next come the establishments 

 of Carter & Co., Vale & Griffin, and Osborn & Vail; all of which are located near Port Monmouth. 

 Half-way between the latter place and Keyport is the large phosphate factory of Preston Brothers. 

 This firm makes some oil and scrap, but their main business is the manufacture of fertilizers. 

 They buy scrap from other oil works to be mixed with phosphates, which they bring from the beds 

 near Charleston, S. C. 



In early spring a good many menhaden are taken in pounds and fykes, but \vheu the water 

 gets warm few are caught, as at this time the fish are schooling near the surface, and it is said 

 they will then seldom enter the traps. Twenty pounds, and five gangs of fykes, with from six to 

 ten baskets each, are fished along the beach near Port Monmouth. Each gang has a leader like 

 that of a pound, with two fykes set opposite each other at intervals throughout its length. Various 

 kinds of fish are taken, some of the larger ones being used for food, though the menhaden and all 

 of the smaller and worthless fish are sent to the factories. 



During my visit to the locality in May, besides menhaden, I saw the following fishes go iuto 

 the boilers at the factories: Small butter-fish, perch, and blackfish; goosefish or anglers, skates, 

 sting-rays, and alewives; besides several species of crustaceans. 



Oyster-culture is practiced quite extensively at Keyport and Perth Am boy, in Raritau Bay. 



139. UPPER BAY. 



The fisheries of the New Jersey shore of the Upper Bay are uiaiuly for shad. The fish are 

 taken in fykes which are set at the end of hedges made of brush, and in gill-nets. Thirty hedges 



