246 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 



1552. StreptorhiinchtW!. Whitfield. Geology of Wisconsin, vol. iv, p. 2(51, pi. xii, figp. 9, 10; p. 2t53, 



pi. xii, fig.?. 11-13. 



1883. Stroplunnena, David.son. British Silnvian Bi'arhiopoda, Sn])plement, p. 192, pi. xi, tigs. 20, 21 : 



pi. xii, fig. 30 ; pi. xvi, fig. S. 



1553. f^trcpUrrhynchtis, Hall. S<'C.ond Ann. Rept. State Geologist N. Y., Expl., pi. xxxix. figs. 1-9, 



15-30 ; 111. xlii, figs. 10-15. 



1884. fStreptorhynehus, Walcott. Palseontology Eureka District, ]). 75, pi. xi, fig. 9. 

 1887. iStrophmnena, Shaler. Memoii-s Kentucky Geological Survey, p. 13, plates 4 and 5. 



Probably no generic term among the brachiopoda has given rise to a greater 

 diversity of expression of opinion among authors as to its value and applica- 

 tion. In order to appreciate the inapplicability of the term as now current 

 among the American and European writers, a brief risumi- of its history be- 

 comes necessary. 



In 1820, C. S. Rafinesque made u.se of the term Strophomenes in the Annales 

 Generales des Sciences Physiques de Bruxelles, vol. v, p. 232.* This name was 

 not accompanied either by a diagnosis or the citation of any .species. The 

 author, after speaking of the difficulties experienced in working out certain 

 groups, says : 



" Par exemple, parmi les tt'ivbratules, nous en avons observe'- plus de 60 

 esprces, que nous avons dii ranger sous plusieurs nouveaux genres, tels que 

 gonotrema, dictionia, didisma, pleurinia, stropheria, strophomenes, dipsilis, etc., outre 

 les vrais genres terehratula et produdus. Le seul G. gonotrema, qui comprend 

 les teri'bratules a ouvcrture anguleuse ailongee et Ji charnirre tronquee, etc., 

 contient plus de 30 espi'ces." 



The term Strophomenes, Rafinesque, was afterwards u.sed by Defrance, in 

 1824, also without definition, in the "Tableau des Corps Organises Fossiles," 

 p. 6. In 1825, DE BLAiNVii.LEf made use of the term Strophomena, in the fol- 

 lowing manner : 



" Strophomene. Strophomrna. — Animal tout-a-fait inconnu. Coquille regu- 

 liere symetrique, (•quilaterale, subrquivalve; une valve plate et I'autre un peu 

 excavee ; articulation droite, transverse, oflfrant a droit et a gauche d'une 



* This paper does not appear in the "Complete Writings of Constantine Smaltz Rafinesque on Recent 

 and Fos.sil Conchology," edited by William G. Binnkv and George W. Tryon, Jr. 1864. As the original 

 paper hiU'j not been accessible, we .are under obligations to Di-. H. A. Pilsby, of the Conchological Section 

 of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Science, for communicating the quotation given. 



t Manuel d(! Malacologie et Coni-.hyliolngie, vol. i, p. 513. jii. liii, tigs. 2, 2a. 



