PEPO. 55 



cell, opening by a sutiual dehiscence on the inner side, and 

 bearing seeds at the base, or along the suture. Ex. peony, col- 

 umbine, silk-weed. 



6. DRUPE (stoiie-frait) is one-celled, one or two seeded, inde- 

 hiscent, with a hard and bony endocarp (stone), and a moist and 

 pulpy epicarp and sarcocarp. Ex. plum, cherry, peach. It also 

 includes those fruits which have a fibre-fleshy, or even coria- 

 ceous epicarp, as the walnut, butternut, which kinds of fruit are 

 called drupaceous. 



7. The NUT is a hard, dry, indehiscent shell, proceeding from 

 an ovary which is two or more celled, and two or more ovuled, 

 but becoming by suppression one-celled, and one-ovuled ( 1 10, a). 

 It differs from the Drupe, in wanting the soft, succulent cover- 

 ing. Instead of this it is seated in a kind of persistent involu- 

 cre, called a cupule. Ex. chestnut, oak, beech, hazle. 



8. CARYOPSIS (kernel). This is a thin, dry, one-celled peri- 

 carp, inseparable from the seed which it encloses. Ex. maize, 

 wheat, Carex. When it is not inseparable from the seed, it is 

 called a utricle, as in the pig-weed ( Chenopodium). 



9. An ACHENIUM is a small, dry, hard, one-celled pericarp, dis- 

 tinct from the seed which it contains. Ex. Borago, Ranun- 

 culus, Aster, and the Compositse generally. 



10. SAMARA (winged fruit). It consists of a dry, indehiscent, 

 one-seeded pericarp, with a wing-like appendage. Ex. birch, 

 maple. 



11. A PYXIS (box) is a capsule which opens by a circum- 

 sessile dehiscence (115 ; 5), so as to appear like a little cup with 

 a lid. Ex. plantain (Plantago), purslane (Portulaca). 



12. POME (apple). This is a fleshy, indehiscent pericarp, 

 formed of the permanent calyx, containing several cartilaginous 

 carpels, or cells, which enclose the seeds. Ex. apple, pear, 

 quince. 



13. The PEPO (gourd) is an indehiscent, fleshy fruit, proceed- 

 ing from a compound ovary, either one-celled, or entirely filled 

 with pulp. Ex. cucumber, melon, pumpkin. 



14. Berry (Bacca), a succulent, pulpy pericarp, holding the 

 seeds loosely within, with no other covering than its own soft 



