136 SYNOPSIS OF THE NATURAL SYSTEM. 



144 Fls. incomplete, collec'd. in a small, round, white head. ERIOCAULONACE^E. CLIX 



144 Flowers incomplete and mostly on a spadix. -157 



144 Flowers complete (rarely dioecious), never on a spadix. .- 145 



145 Flowers regular. - - 146 



145 Flowers more or less irregular. --,-------_-_ - 155 



146 Perianth free from the ovary. - 147 



146 Perianth adherent to the ovary. - 153 



147 Sepals and petals similarly colored. -- __.. 150 



147 Sepals and petals differently colored. -- 148 



148 Flowers solitary, or racemose, &c. 149 



148 Flowers densely capitate, yellow. XYRIDACEJE. CLVIII 



149 Styles and stigmas distinct. Leaves radical. - ALISMACE.E. CXXXVIII 

 149 Styles and stigmas united into 1. Leaves cauline. COMMELINACE^E. CLVII 



150 Styles and stigmas distinct. 151 



150 Styles and stigmas united into 1. 152 



151 Perianth scale-like, dry. JITNCAGINEJE. CXXXVIII 



151 Perianth petaloid, green or colored. Aerial plants. MELANTHACE.E. CLV 

 151 Per. petaloid, small. Plants float'g in water. HYDROCHARIDACEJE. CXXXIX 



152 Flowers succulent and withering, colored. LILIACE.E. CLIII 



152 Flowers dry and (if colored) scarious. JUNCACE^E. CLVI 



153 Stamens 3. IRIDACE^. CXLIX 



153 Stamens 6. - 154 



154 Leaves equitant and channeled ( 216, 1). - - - HJEMODORACEJE. CXLVIII 

 154 Leaves flat and not equitant. ------- AMARYLLIDACE.K. CXLVII 



155 Ovary inferior. --.-------------___ 155 



155 Ovary superior. --___.__--- PONTEDERIACEJE. CLIV 

 156 Stamens gynandrous ( 74, XX.) -------- ORCHIDACEJE. CXL 



156 Stamen free, 1 only, with half an anther. ------ CANNACEJE. 



156 Stamens free, 3, with extrorse anthers. - ------ IRIDACEJE. CXLIX 



157 Root floating in water. Stamens 1 or 2. - - - - LEMNACE^E. CXXXV 



157 Root fixed in earth. 158 



158 Stems floating in water. NAIADACE/E. CXXXVII 



158 Stems erect, terrestrial. ---- __.- 159 



159 Spadix with a spathe, or on a leaf-like scape. - - - ARACE^E. CXXXIV 

 159 Spadix without a spathe, and not on a scape. - - TYPHACEJE. CXXXVI 



160 Flowers perfect, solitary, or 2 3. TRILLIACE^E. CLI1 



160 Flowers dioecious. 161 



161 Leaves cauline, mostly climbing shrubs. 162 



161 Leaves radical. ALISMACE^. CXXXVIII 



162 Fruit a thin, 3-cornered capsule. - DIOSCOREACEJE. CL 



162 Fruit a globose, fleshy beny. -- -- SMILACE.E. CLI 



Sec. VI. Orders of the Glumaceous Endogens. 



163 Stems mostly solid. Sheaths entire. CYPERACEJE. CLX 



163 Stems mostly fistulous. Sheaths split down to the nodes. GRAMINE.E. CLXI 



Sec. VII. Orders of Cryptogamla. 



164 Plants consisting of woody and vascular tissue. ---------- 165 



164 Plants consisting of cellular tissue only. 166 



165 Fruit terminal, cone-like. Leaves sheath-like. - - EQUISETACEJE. CLXII 



165 Fr. axillary, &c. Leaves 1-veined. LYCOPODIACEJE. CLXIII 



165 Fruit borne upon the veiny, often contracted leaves. - - FILICES. CLXIV 



165 Fruit radical or nearly so, of two kinds. Aquatics. MARSILEACE.S. CLXV 



166 Leaves veinless, distinct from each other or from the axis. Musci. (CLXVII^ 



166 Leaves veiny, mostly confluent into one expansion. HEPATIC^. (CLXVIII) 



167 Plants with no distinct axis of growth. - 168 



167 Plants having a distinct axis, with whorled branches. CHARADES. CLXVI 

 168 Plants aerial, dry, crustaceous, on trees, rocks, &c. - - LICHENES. (CLXIX) 

 168 Plants aerial, succulent, often ephemeral, never green. - - FUNGI. (CLXX^ 

 168 Plants aquatic, consisting of simple vesicles or lobed fronds. ALGJE. (CLXXI) 



