144 I. RANUNCULACE.E. COPTIS, 



dichotomous. Lower leaves 2 4' wide, on long semicylindric petioles, upper 

 ones sessile, all of a dark shining green, veiny and smooth. Flowers of a 

 golden yellow in all their parts, 1J' diam., few and pedunculate. Outer row 

 of filaments clavate, twice longer than the ijiner. The young leaves are in 

 great request in spring, for greens. May. 



/?. integerrima. (C. integerrima. PA.) Lvs. entire; sep. obovate, obtuse. 



y. plena, with double flowers. Cultivated in gardens. 



7. TROLLIUS. 

 Germ, trol or trollen, globular; alluding to the form of the flowers. 



Sepals 5 10 15, roundish ovate, colored, deciduous; petals 5 

 25, small, linear, tubular at base ; stamens 00, much shorter than the 

 sepals ; follicles 00, subcylindric, sessile, many-seeded. %. Smooth, 

 with palmate leaves. 



1. T. LAXUS. Salisb. (T. Americanus Muhl.') American Globe Flower. 



Sep. 5, oblong, spreading ; pet. 15 25, shorter than the stamens. In 

 swamps, Can. to Penn. Not common. About If high. Leaves deeply cleft into 5 

 segments, which are lobed and cut-dentate. Sepals yellow, resembling petals, 

 4 5" long. Petals very small, orange-colored. Follicles about 10, crowned 

 with the persistent styles. This is the only American species. Jn. 



2. E. EUROP.EUS. European Globe Flower. Erect, branched, leafy ; Ivs. deeply 

 cleft or divided, segments cuneate at base, acute, incisely lobed and toothed ; 

 fls. solitary, erect, large, globular ; ped. long, naked ; sep. closely converging ; 

 pet. equaling the stamens. Native of Europe. Stem 2 3f high. Flowers 

 of a rich yellow. A very ornamental plant, of easy culture from seeds or 

 roots. May, Jn.f 



3. T. ASIATICUS. Asiatic Globe Flower. Erect ; Ivs. deeply divided into 5 

 broad segments ; segments laciniately lobed and toothed ; fls. terminal, soli- 

 tary, pedunculate ; sep. spreading ; pet. longer than the stamens. Native of 

 Asia. Plant about 2f high, with ample foliage and large, deep orange-color- 

 ed flowers yellow in some of its varieties. Jn.f 



8. HELLEBORUS. Adans. 



EXetr, to cause death ; popa, food ; the poisonous qualities are well Known. 



Sepals 5, mostly greenish, persistent; petals 8 10, very short, 

 tubular, 2-lipped ; stamens 00; stigmas 3 10, orbicular; follicles 

 cohering at base, many-seeded. % Lvs. coriaceous, divided. Fls. 

 large, nodding. 



H. VIRIDIS. Green Hellebore. 



Glabrous ; radical Ivs. pedately divided, segments lanceolate, acute, ser- 

 rate ; cauline Ivs. few, palmately parted, nearly sessile ; peds. often in pairs ; sep. 

 roundish ovate, acute, green. A European plant, on Long Island. Stem 

 23 f. high, thick. Apr.f 



9. COPTIS. Salisb. 



Gr. KOTTTCJ, to cut ; from the numerous divisions of the leaves. 



Sepals 5 6, oblong, concave, colored, deciduous ; petals 5 6, 

 small, cucullate, obconic ; stamens 20 25 ; follicles 5 10, stipitate, 

 rostrate, diverging in a stellate manner, 4 6-seeded. Low herbs, 

 with radical leaves, and a long, slender, perennial, creeping rhizoma. 



C. TRIFOLIA. Goldthread. 



Lvs. 3-foliate ; scape 1-flowered ; pet. much smaller than the sepals. Penn. 

 N. to Arctic Am. Stem subterranean, extensively creeping, golden yellow, very 

 bitter and tonic. Leaves all radical, leaflets sessile, 4 8" long, crenate-mu- 

 cronate, smooth, coriaceous, common petiole 1 2' long. Peduncles 3 4' 

 high, with a single, minute bract above the middle, bearing a single white star- 

 like flower. The 5 or 6 yellow petals are barely distinguishable by their color 

 among the white stamens. May. Medicinal. 



