210 XXXVIII. TILIACE^E. TILIA. 



minate. % Shady places, Penn. to Ohio ! Stems angular, 3 5f high. Leaves 

 on short petioles, cordate, lobes 2 4' long, J f ' wide, floral leaves much smal- 

 ler. Peduncles axillary and terminal, long and slender, somewhat leafy, the 

 divisions 1 4-flowered. Flowers 4 5" diam. Petals white, twice as long as 

 the calyx. Aug. 



3. S. DIOICA. Cav. (Napaea dioica and scabra. Linn.) 

 Lvs. palmately 7 9-lobed, scabrous, lobes lanceolate, incisely dentate ; 

 ped. many-flowered, bracteate, somewhat corymbose ; fls. 9 cf 5 carpels 8 10, 

 pointless, in a roundish, depressed head. Tj. Va. ; Penn. Muhlenberg. Flowers 

 small, white, in a crowded head. Aug. 



ORDER XXXVIII. TILIACE^E. LINDENBLOOMS. 



Trees or shrubs, (very rarely herbs,) with simple, stipulate, alternate, dentate leaves. 



Fls. axillary, usually perfect. 



Cal. Sepals 4 5, deciduous, valvate in aestivation. 



Cor. Petals 4 5, hyixjgynous, glands 4 5, at their base. 



Sta. 00, distinct, hypogynous. Anthers versatile. 



Ova. Carpels 210, united. Style 1, compound. Stigmas as many as carpels. 



Fr. capsular, 25 celled, with numerous seeds. Cotyledons leafy. 



Genera 35, species 350, native in all regions, but especially within the tropics. These plants abound in 

 a wholesome, mucilaginous juice. The inner bark is remarkable for toughness, and is useful for various 

 purposes, as fishing-lines, nets, rice-bags, &c. 



TILIA. 



Calyx of 5 united sepals, colored ; corolla of 5 oblong, obtuse petals, 

 crenate at apex ; stamens 00, somewhat polyadelphous, each set in 

 the N. American species with a petaloid scale (nectary, Linn., trans- 

 formed stamen, T. fy G.) attached at base; ovary superior, 5-celled, 

 cells 2-ovuled ; capsules globose, by abortion 1-celled, 1 2-seeded. 

 Trees. Lvs. cordate. Pis. cymose, with, the peduncle adnate to the mid- 

 vein of a large^ leaf-like bract. 



1. T. AMERICANA. Linden or Lime Tree. Bass-wood. Pumpldn-wood. 

 Lvs. alternate, diffuse, broad-cordate, abruptly acuminate, finely serrate, 



coriaceous, smooth ; pet. truncate or obtuse at apex. A common forest tree in 

 the Northern and Middle States. It often grows to the height of 80f, the trunk 

 straight and naked more than half this height, and 2 3f diam. Leaves 4 5' 

 by 3 4', those of the young shoots often twice these dimensions. Bract yel- 

 lowish, linear-oblong. Petals yellowish-white, larger than the scales at their 

 base. Fruit woody, greenish, of the size of peas. Jn. The inner bark is very 

 strong and is manufactured into ropes. The wood is white, soft and clear, 

 much used in cabinet work and in the panneling of carriages. 



2. T. HETEROPHYLLA. Vent. Various-leaved Linden. 



Lvs. obliquely subcordate, very white and velvety beneath, with darker 

 veins, glabrous, shining and dark green above, coarsely and mucronately ser- 

 rate ; pet. obtuse, crenulate ; transformed stamens or scales spatulate ; sty. hairy 

 at base, longer than the petals. Banks of the Ohio and Miss. Pursh. Not 

 common. Tree 20 SOfhigh. Leaves very oblique at base, 5 8' diam., well 

 distinguished by the white surface beneath, contrasted with the purplish veins. 

 Torr. fy Gray. 



3. T. ALBA. Michx. White Lime or Linden. 



Lvs. obliquely-cordate, abruptly acuminate, whitish and thinly pubescent 

 beneath, with veins of the same hue, glabrous above, acuminately serrate ; pet. 

 emarginate ; scales spatulate ; sty. nearly glabrous. Woods, Middle and West- 

 ern States ! Trunk 30 40f high, 1 Ij'f diam., branches with a smooth, silvery 

 bark. Leaves 3 5' diam., slightly oblique, and with reddish hairs in the axils 

 of the veins beneath. Flowers larger and whiter than in the other species. Jn. 

 4. T. MICROPHYLI.A. (T. intermedia. Hayne.) European Lime-tree. Lvs. 

 cordate, scarcely oblique, acuminate, glabrous both sides, twice as long as the 

 petioles; axils of the veins bearded beneath; staminate scale 0; fr. membrana- 



