ASTER. LXXV. COMPOSITE. 319 



rate, acuminate, the lower ones cordate, petiolate ; petioles naked ; invol. oblong, 

 imbricate with closely appressed, obtuse scales. Common in dry woods, N. and 

 Mid. States. Stem 2f high, smooth, often reddish, more or less flexuous. 

 Leaves large, mostly smooth, lower ones cordate-acuminate, with sharp serra- 

 tures, middle ones ovate, upper ones becoming lanceolate. Flowers in a broad, 

 flat-topped corymb, large, very open, with about 6 long, narrow, white rays. Aug. 



2. A. MACROPHYLLUS. Willd. (Eurybia macrophylla. Coss.) Large-leaved, 

 Aster. St. branched, diffuse ; Ivs. ovate, petiolate, serrate, rough, upper 



ones ovate-lanceolate, sessile, lower ones cordate, petiolate ; petioles somewhat 

 winged ; invol. cylindric, closely imbricate with oblong, acute scales. Distin- 

 guished for its very large root leaves which are 6 10' by 3 5'. Grows in 

 woods, N. States and Can. Stem furrowed, 1 2f high. Leaves nearly smooth. 

 Rays about 13, white or pale blue. Sept. 



Scales imbricated, with spreading, green tips. Rays 12 30. Pap- 

 pus bristles rigid, some of them thickened upwards. Heads large, 

 corymbose. Lower leaves never cordate, cauline sessile, rigid. CALLI- 

 ASTRUM. T. & G. 



3. A. RADULA. Ait. Rasp-leaved Aster. 



St. erect, simple below, angular ; Ivs. lanceolate, acuminate, narrowed 

 towards the base, sessile, serrate, rugose and rough ; invol. imbricate, scales 

 appressed, with small, spreading green tips. Moist groves and hedges, Me. to 

 Penn. ! Not common. Height 1 3f. Distinguished for its stiff, narrow, 

 sharply serrate leaves which abundantly clothe the straight, smooth stem. 

 Branches nearly naked, undivided, each having a single large head, rarely 

 more. Rays numerous, short, white or purplish. The lower leaves are some- 

 times ovate-lanceolate. Aug. Sept. 



4. A. SPECTABILIS. Ait. Shovry Aster. 



St. erect ; Ivs. somewhat scabrous, oblong-lanceolate, sessile, entire, lower 

 ones serrate in the middle ; branches corymbose ; hds. hemispherical, with nu- 

 merous, squarrose-spreading, ciliate scales. A low Aster of pine barrens, Mass. ! 

 to Ky. Stem straight, 1 2f high, branching above into a nearly simple co- 

 rymb of 10 15 heads, which are large and showy, with many long, blue rays. 

 Sept. Nov. 



5. A. GRACILIS. Nutt. Slender Aster. 



St. minutely-pubescent, corymbose at summit ; Ivs. oblong-lanceolate, in- 

 cisely and remotely serrulate, narrowed to the sub-clasping base; corymb 

 loose, spreading; scales linear-oblong, whitish, with green, spreading tips ; rays 

 about 12. Pine barrens, N. J. Stems clustered, 12 14' high, purplish, leafy, 

 slender. Leaves 1 2' long, glabrous, opaque, lower ones somewhat spatu- 

 late. Corymb simple or compound. Rays pale violet, about as long as the 

 involucre. Sept. 



Scales green, or with green tips. Rays 00. Pappus bristles soft, 

 none of them thickened upwards. Achenia compressed. ASTER proper. 

 * Lower leaves cordate, petiolate. Heads paniculate. 



6. A. CORDIFOLIUS. Heart-leaved Aster. 



St. paniculate, smoothish ; lower Ivs. cordate, hairy beneath, sharply ser- 

 rate, acuminate, petiolate ; petioles winged ; invol. closely imbricate, the scales 

 with short, green tips. Common in rocky woods, N. and- W. States. Stem 

 smooth below, more or less pubescent above, a little flexuous, striate, 2f high, 

 with a handsome panicle of racemes at top of numerous, rather small flowers. 

 Rays 10 15, pale blue varying to white. Lower leaves large, cordate, with a 

 deep sinus at base, the serratures very acute, the summit ending in a long, 

 acute point, slightly rough above, hairy and paler beneath. Petioles more or 

 less winged, hairy. Above, the leaves are gradually reduced to small or mi- 

 nute bracts. Sept. 



7. A. SAGITTIFOLIUS. Arrow-leaved Aster. 



St. with racemose branches above, smooth ; Ivs. oblong-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, sessile, serrate in the middle, radical ones ovate, oblong, cordate-sagittate, 



