SOUDAGO. LXXV. COMPOSITE. 331 



commonly with tufts of smaller ones in their axils, radical ones subcuneiform, 

 serrate; rac. paniculate, secund; rays 5 7. A common, starved-looking spe- 

 cies with a greyish, dusty aspect, bearing a dense panicle of deep yellow flow- 

 ers. Height 1 2f. In dry, sterile fields and by roadsides, U. S. and Can. 

 Heads small, but with conspicuous rays. Panicle composed of many short 

 racemes, inclining to one side, or often of a single, terminal, recurved one. 

 Often the stem divides into branches, each bearing a panicle. Sept. 



17. S. CANADENSIS. Canadian Goldenrod. 



St. downy; Ivs. lanceolate, serrate, 3- veined, rough; rac. paniculate, 

 secund, recurved ; rays short. In old fields, hedges, U. S. and Brit. Am. Com- 

 mon. From 18' to 5f high. Stem furrowed, terminated by a copious panicle 

 which inclines to one side. Leaves sessile, 3' long, sometimes nearly entire, 

 and perhaps a little downy. Heads almost innumerable, very small, with very 

 obscure, yellow rays. Aug. Oct. 



/?. procera. T. & G. (S. procera. Ait.) St. villous ; Ivs. rough, villous be- 

 neath ; hds. larger and with larger rays. In low grounds, 4 7f high. Leaves 

 distinctly 3-veined. 



18. S. sERorlNA. Willd. Smooth Goldenrod. 



St. round, striate, smooth ; Ivs. linear-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate ; rac. 

 secund, recurved, paniculate; ped. pubescent; hds. small, 15 20-flowered. A 

 smooth species, in meadows and thickets, U. S. and Can. Stem 3 6f high, 

 very smooth, often glaucous or purple. Leaves 3 5 7' long, about | as 

 wide, smooth, margin scabrous, slightly toothed, upper ones entire. Flowers nu- 

 merous, forming a more or less compact panicle inclined at summit. Rays 

 about 8, small. Sept. Variable. 



19. S. GIGANTEA. Ait. Gigantic Goldenrod. 



St. smooth, striate ; Ivs. lanceolate, serrate, margin rough, scabrous above 

 and on the margin and on the veins beneath ; rac. paniculate ; branches pubes- 

 cent; ped. and pedicels hairy. A large, showy species, in low. open grounds, 

 U. S. and Can. Stem green, sometimes purplish, 4 7f high, often much 

 branched above. Leaves 2 4 7' long, about as wide, acuminate at each 

 end, often with divergent teeth. Heads about as large as in the last. Panicle 

 often diffuse, on spreading, leafy branches. Aug. Oct. 



20. S. CILIARIS. Willd. 



St. angular, smooth ; Ivs. elliptic-lanceolate, subserrate and scabrous on 

 the margin, smooth both sides, sub-3- veined ; rac. paniculate ; pedicels (elon- 

 gated) smooth ; bracts (often) ciliate ; rays short. In the public lands about Ft. 

 Niagara, N, Y. In these specimens the whole plant is smooth except the mar- 

 gins of the leaves. Stem 2 3f high, striate. Leaves subcoriaceous, radical 

 ones petiolate. Racemes thin, spreading. Aug. Sept. 



21. S. MISSOURIENSIS. Nutt. 



Glabrous, low, simple, slender ; Ivs. lance-linear, tapering to each end, 

 very acute and rough-edged, lower ones with acute, slender serratures, radical 

 oblanceolate, petiolate ; rac. small, in a dense, pyramidal or somewhat corym- 

 bose panicle ; hds. small, 12 15-flowered. A delicate species, 1 2f high, in 

 dry prairies, 111. and Mo. ! Leaves smooth and shining, lower 3 4' by 3 5", 

 the others gradually reduced upwards to minute bracts. Rays about 8.- Jl. Aug. 

 6. Heads in secund racemes. Leaves feather-veined, all entire. 



22. S. SEMPERVlRENs. (S. Isevigata. Ait.) Evergreen Goldenrod. 



St. smooth ; Ivs. lanceolate, somewhat succulent, smooth, entire and sca- 

 brous on the margin, closely sessile ; rac. paniculate ; pedicels scabrous-pubes- 

 cent ; rays elongated. Marshes along the coast, and river banks, within the 

 influence of the water. Stem 3 6f high, purplish, somewhat glaucous, with 

 numerous long and narrow leaves. Heads large. Rays about 8, long and 

 narrow. Sept. 



23. S. ODORA. Ait. Sweet-scented Goldenrod. 



St. round, pubescent, slender ; Ivs. linear-lanceolate, acute, abrupt, and 

 sessile at base, very entire, smooth, punctate with pellucid dots, rough-ef 

 rac. paniculate. In dry, fertile woodlands and sunny hills, U. S. and 



