332 LXXV. COMPOSITE. SOLIDAGO. 



Stem 2 3f high, yellowish-green. Leaves 1| 3' by 35", with a strong, yel- 

 lowish midvein, but no veinlets. Panicle inclined. Racemes 2 3' long, 

 spreading, each generally with a leaf at base, and a simple row of small heads 

 on the upper side. Jl. Sept. The only species of solidago which has proper- 

 ties generally considered either agreeable or useful. The leaves are aromatic 

 and yield by distillation a fragrant volatile oil from the pellucid reservoirs. 

 They are a good substitute for tea, and have been exported to China: 



7. Heads in secund racemes. Leaves feather-veined, the lower serrate. 



24. S. PA TULA. Muhl. Spreading Goldenrod. 



St. smooth, angular-striate ; Ivs. elliptic, acute, serrate^ very scabrous 

 above, smooth beneath, lower ones oblong-spatulate ; rac. paniculate, spreading ; 

 pedicels pubescent. In wet places, Can. N. and W. States, not common. Stem 

 2 4f high, virgate, often purple, strongly angled, with leafy branches at top. 

 Stern leaves 1 2' long, as wide, radical ones 2 or 3 times larger, all perfectly 

 smooth beneath, although quite rough backwards above. Racemes short, on 

 the ends of the spreading branches, with large heads. Sept. 



25. S. NEGLECTA. Torr. & Gray. Neglected Solidago. 



Si. smooth ; Ivs. rather thick, smooth, varying from ovate-lanceolate to 

 narrow-lanceolate, tapering to both ends, feather-veined, entire, the lower and 

 radical ones serrate ; rac. secund, dense, somewhat spreading, on elongated, 

 slender, suberect branches, which are somewhat leafy at base ; ach. smooth. 

 Grows in swamps, N. H. ! to ku, rather rare. Stems 2 4f high, straight, 

 round, dividing at top into several nearly erect branches, forming an elongated 

 panicle. The leaves are sometimes nearly tripli-veined, often very scabrous 

 on the margin. Racemes short. Heads middle-size, 10 20-flowered. Scales 

 obtuse. Aug. Sept. 



26. S. ARGUTA. Ait. Sharp-notched Goldenrod. 



St. erect, straight, smooth; Ivs. smooth, acutely and unequally serrate, 

 with diverging teeth, cauline ones elliptical, sessile, highest ones entire and 

 small, radical ones oblong-ovate, attenuate at base into winged petioles; rac. 

 paniculate, secund, dense ; hds. middle size ; rays about 10. In meadows and 

 woods, U. S. (from lat. 38) N. to the Arc. Circle. A smooth plant 2 3f high, 

 with a large, dense, corymbose panicle of very numerous heads. Racemes 

 recurved, a ringer's length, the compound pedicels roughish, bracted. Aug. Sept. 

 B. juncea. (S. juncea. Ait.) Lvs. lanceolate, lower ones serrate, upper ones 

 entire ; st. brownish, striate ; rays twice as long as the involucre ; 'panicle Jess 

 dense. 



27. S. MUHLENBERGII. Torr. & Gray. (S. arguta. Muhl.) 



St. furrowed, glabrous ; Ivs. smooth both sides, strongly and sharply ser- 

 rate, the radical ones ovate, petiolate, cauline ones elliptical-lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate at each end ; rac. secund, short, remote, axillary, spreading ; pedicels 

 pubescent; hds. 15 20-flowered; scales linear, obtuse. In damp woods and 

 thickets, N. H. ! to Penn. Stem 2 3f high, generally simple, bearing a long, 

 open panicle. Leaves large, notched with very acute or acuminate teeth, feather- 

 veined. Heads middle size, with 6 8 rather large rays. Aug. Oct. 



28. S. ALTISSIMA. (S. rugosa. Willd.) Tall Goldenrod. 



St. erect, hairy; Ivs. lanceolate, lower ones deeply serrate, rough and 

 wrinkled. A very variable species, the tall, rough varieties of which are com- 

 mon about the borders of fields, in hedges, U. S. and Brit. Am. Stem rough 

 with hairs, erect, 3 5f high, much branched at top. Leaves variously toothed 

 or serrate, numerous both upon the stem and branches. Branches widely 

 spreading, each terminating in a recurved panicle with the flowers turning up- 

 wards. Scarcely two of the plants look alike. The branches are very widely 

 spread, or but little diverging, with few and scattered heads, or with numerous 

 heads ; the leaves are equally or unequally serrate, hairy or woolly. Aug. Oct. 



29. S. LINOIDES. Solander. 



Smooth ; st. slender, simple ; Ivs. lanceolate, finely serrate and scabrous 

 on the margin, radical ones petiolate, upper entire ; hds. small, in short, secund, 

 at length spreading racemes; scales oblong-linear, obtuse, appressed ; rays 1 4, 



