334 LXXV. COMPOSITE. BACCHARIS. 



low, lower ones oblong-spatulate, upper ones oblong-linear or lanceolate ; hds. 

 large, solitary and terminal, somewhat fastigiately corymbose ; scales linear- 

 subulate. Prairies, 111. to Oreg. Stem 1 2f high. Leaves 12' by 35", 

 whitish and rough. Rays about 25, oblong-linear, entire, golden yellow. Jl. Sept. 



21. INIJLA. 



Heads many-flowered ; involucre imbricate ; ray-flowers numerous, 

 9 , disk flowers ; receptacle naked ; pappus simple, scabrous ; an- 

 thers with 2 bristles at base. ^ Coarse European herbs, with alter- 

 nate leaves and yellow flowers. 



I. HELENIUM. Elecampane. 



Lvs. amplexicaul, ovate, rugose, downy beneath ; invol. scales ovate. A 

 large herbaceous, coarse-looking plant, common by road-sides, N. Eng. to 

 111. Stem 4 6f high, furrowed, branching and downy above. Radical leaves 

 very large (1 3f by 6 12'), serrate, those of the stem clasping. Flowers large, 

 solitary, terminal, of a bright yellow. Rays linear, with 2 or 3 teeth at the 

 end. The medicinal virtues of the plant have long been esteemed. These are 

 tonic and expectorant. Flowers in July and Aug. 



Section 3. Heads discoid. 



22. BIGELO VIA. DC. 



In honor of Dr. Jacob Bigelow, the well-known author of " Florula Bostoniensis," &c. 



Heads 3 4-flowered, the flowers all tubular, ; involucre cylin- 

 drical, as long as the flowers ; scales rigid, linear, closely imbricated ; 

 receptacle pointed by a scale-like cusp ; achenia obconic, hirsute ; 

 pappus bristles in one series. ^J- Glabrous, slender. Lvs. alternate, 

 entire. Hds. fastigiately corymbose, with yellow fls. and colored scales. 



B. VIRGATA. DC. (Chrysocoma virgata. Nutt.} 



Smooth in all its parts ; st. virgately branched from near the base ; branch- 

 es corymbose-fastigiate above ; Ivs. narrowly linear, 1-veined, the cauline line- 

 ar-spatulate ; scales glutinous. Swamps, N. J., &c. A plant resembling Soli- 

 dago tenuifolia in aspect, I 2f high. Leaves 2 3' by 1 2", rather firm and 

 somewhat remote. Fls. bright yellow, the scales also yellowish. Aug. Oct. 



23. PLUCHEA. DC. 



Heads many-flowered, those of the margin 9, of the centre ? but 

 sterile ] involucre imbricated ; receptacle flat, naked ; style undivid- 

 ed ; pappus capillary, simple. Strong-scented herbs, with alternate 

 leaves and corymbs of purple flowers. 



1. P. CAMPHORATA. DC. (Conyza camph. Muhl. C. Marilandica. 

 Michx.} Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, somewhat pubescent, acute, serrate, ser- 



ratures mucronate ; fls. in crowded corymbs. 7J. A fleshy, strong-scented plant, 

 native of salt marshes, Mass, to Flor. Stem a foot high, thick, downy, with al- 

 ternate leaves and axillary branches. Flowers light purple. Aug. 



2. P. FCBTIDA. DC. (Baccharis. Linn. Conyza camphorata. PA.) 

 Erect, nearly glabrous, very leafy ; Ivs. broadly lanceolate, acute or acu- 

 minate at each end, petiolate, feather- veined, obtusely subserrate ; hds. numer- 

 ous, in paniculate corymbs ; scales ovate-lanceolate," acute. A strong-scented 

 plant, in open, hilly grounds, Western States. Stem 1 2f high, subsimple. 

 Leaves 4 T by 1 3', sprinkled with minute dots ; petioles 1' long. Heads 

 numerous. Aug. Oct. 



24. BACCHARIS. 



From Bacchus, wine ; from its fragrance resembling that of wine. 



Heads many-flowered, 9 c? ; involucre imbricate, cylindric or ovate, 

 with subcoriaceous, ovate scales ; sterile flowers with the stamens ex- 



