RUDBECKIA. LXXV. COMPOSITE. 337 



29. HELIOPSIS. 



Gr. r/Aioj , the sun, oi//ij, appearance ; flowers radiant like the sun. 



Involucre imbricate, with ovate, subequal scales ; rays linear, large, 

 9 ; disk $ ; receptacle chaffy, conical, the paleae lanceolate ; achenia 

 4-sided ; pappus 0. ^ Lvs. apposite. Hds. large. Fls. yellow. 

 H. L.KVIS. Pers. (Helianthus. Linn.} Ox-eye. 



St. smooth ; Ivs. ovate-oblong, coarsely serrate, petiolate, 3-veined, smooth 

 beneath, upper ones usually lanceolate, lower ones more or less truncate at 

 base. A large, symmetrical plant, in hedges and thickets, U. S. Stem an- 

 gular, striate, di- or trichotomously branched above, 3 5f high. Leaves 2 6' 

 by 1 4', acute, distinctly 3-veined. Branches thickened at the summit, each 

 terminating with a large, solitary, yellow head. Rays lanceolate, broad at base 

 and obtuse at summit, June, Jl. 



0. gracilis. T. & G. (H. gracilis. Nutt.} Small and slender ; Ivs. scabrous, 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute at base. 2f high. 



y. scabra. T. & G. (H. scabra. Hook.} St. and Ivs. scabrous and yellowish- 

 green ; Ivs. somewhat deltoid, distinctly truncate at base. 6f high. Common 

 in la. ! 



30. RUDBECKIA. 



Dedicated to the celebrated Olaus Rudbeck, prof, of Botany at Upsal, Sweden. 



Involucre scales nearly equal, leafy, in a double row, 6 in each ; 

 ray-flowers neutral ; disk perfect ; receptacle conic, with unarmed 

 palese or chaff; pappus 0, or a 4-toothed margin. ^ Lvs. alternate. 

 Hds. large. Rays yellow. 



* Disk pale green or purplish. 



1. R. LACINIATA. 



Glabrous; lower Ivs. pinnate, segments 3-lobed, upper ones ovate ; pappus 

 crenate. In the edges of swamps and ditches, Can. and U. S. A tall, showy 

 plant, resembling Helianthus, from which, however, it is readily distinguished 

 by its conical disk. Stem round, branching, 6 8f high. Leaves alternate, 

 ample, rough, upper ones generally ovate, the rest variously divided, toothed or 

 cut, petiolate. Flowers large, terminal. Rays 1 2' long, oblanceolate, bright 

 yellow, spreading or drooping. Aug. 



2. R. SUBTOMENTOSA. Ph. 



St. branching, tomentose-pubescent ; Ivs. petiolate, hispid-scabrous above, 

 softly subtomentose beneath, serrate, the lower deeply 3-lobed or 3-parted, up- 

 per undivided, ovate, acuminate ; hds. corymbose ; scales numerous, spreading ; 

 disk purplish-brown ; rays large, spreading. A coarse, rough species, 3 4f 

 high, prairies, &c., Western and Southern States. Stem angular, marked with 

 brown lines. Leaves 3 5' long, on petioles 1 24" long. Rays deep or orange 

 yellow, 10 15, about 1' long. July, Aug. 



* * Disk dark 'purple. 



3. R. TRILOBA. 



Hirsute ; branches panicled, spreading ; lower cauline Ivs. mostly 3-lobed, 

 coarsely serrate, acuminate ; upper ovate-lanceolate, somewhat clasping, ser- 

 rate or entire ; radical ones ovate or oval, obtuse, crenate-dentate or incisely 

 lobed, petiolate ; hds. rather small, disk dark purple, ovoid ; rays about 8, broad- 

 oval, rather longer than the linear, reflexed scales. Fields, Middle and Western 

 States. A handsome species, 2 4f high, very branching. Leaves 2 4' long, 

 3-veined. Rays deep yellow, 6 10" long, f as wide. Chaff cuspidate-awned 

 at the summit. Aug. Sept. 



4. R. HIRTA. Rough Cone-flower. 



Very hirsute or hispid ; st. simple or somewhat branched; ped. naked; 

 Ivs. ovate-spatulate, 3-veined, petiolate, denticulate, the upper ones sessile, 

 ovate-lanceolate ; invol. scales numerous, narrow, imbricated in 3 rows ; rays 

 spreading. A showy plant, in dry soils, Mass. Richard ! Western N. Y. ! to 

 La. and la. ! Stems subsimple or branching from the base, covered with prickly 



