358 LXXV. COMPOSITE. CATANANCHE. 



K. VIRGINICA. Willd. (Hyoseris. Me. Cynthia. Beck.} Dwarf Dandelion. 



Scape 1 -flowered; Ivs. lanceolate, lyrate, smooth; invol. smooth. This 



little plant is found on sandy hills and by roadsides, Can. to La. Scapes 1 



several, smooth, slender, 18' high. After flowering it becomes longer than 

 the leaves. The primary leaves are roundish, entire ; the rest irregularly lyrate. 

 Scales of the involucre 10 15, linear-lanceolate, arranged in a somewhat sim- 

 ple series. Corollas yellow. Ach. turbinate, scabrous, reddish-brown. May J] 



73. CYNTHIA. Don. 



One of the names of Diana; its application to this genus is not obvious. 



Involucre nearly simple, of equal, narrow scales ; receptacle flat, 

 alveolate ; pappus double, the outer minute, scaly ; inner copious, 

 capillary ; achenia short. *4- Lvs. alternate or all radical. Hds. with 

 15 20 yellow flowers. 



C. VIRGINICA. Don. (Tragopogon. Linn. Krigia amplexicaulis. Nutt.} 

 St. mostly simple, scape-like ; radical Ivs. sublyrate or pinnatifid, on short, 

 winged petioles ; cauline ones lanceolate, amplexicaul, entire. In barrens and 

 dry soils, Western N. Y. to 111. ! &c. The plant is smooth and glaucous. Stem 

 1 2f high, often dichotomously divided, with 1 2 clasping leaves at the forks. 

 Radical leaves 3 5' long, sometimes nearly entire. Heads terminal on the 

 bracteate and subumbellate peduncles, with deep yellow flowers. Scales united 

 at base in a somewhat double series. May July. 



74. LEONTODON. 



Gr. Xcwi/, a lion, oSovs, a tooth; in reference to the deeply toothed leaves. 



Involucre imbricate, the outer scales very short ; receptacle na- 

 ked ; pappus plumose, persistent on the somewhat rostrate achenia. 

 Acaulescent herbs, with white fls. many in a head. 



L. AUTUMNALIS. (Apargia. Willd.) Autumnal Hawkweed. 

 Scape branching ; ped. scaly ; Ivs. lanceolate, dentate-pinnatifid, smoothish. 

 A European plant, naturalized and common in the eastern parts of N. Eng- 

 land, growing in grass-lands and by roadsides. The flower resembles those of 

 the dandelion (Taraxacum). Root large, abrupt. Scape round, striate, hol- 

 low, decumbent at base, 6 18' high, with a few .branches and scattered scales. 

 Leaves all radical, spreading, 6' long, with deep, round sinuses, and covered 

 with remote hairs. Heads 1' diam. yellow, appearing from July to Nov. 



75. TRAGOPOGON. 



Gr. rpayof , a goat, Trcoycoi', beard ; in allusion to the tawny, showy pappus. 



Involucre simple, of many leaves ; receptacle naked : pappus plu- 

 mose ; achenia longitudinally striate, contracted into a long, filiform 

 beak. (D European herbs, with long, linear, grass-like Ivs. 



T. PORRIFOLIUS. Salsify. Vegetable Oyster. Invol. much longer than the corol- 

 la; fos. long, linear, undivided, straight ; ped. thickened upwards. Stem 3 4f 

 high. Flowers terminal, solitary, large, bluish-purple. This exotic is cultivated 

 in gardens for the root, which is long, tapering and nutritious. When properly 

 prepared it has a mild, sweetish taste, which has been compared to that of the 

 oyster. 



76. CATANANCHE. 



Gr. Kara, avayKrj, from necessity : it must necessarily be admired (?). 



Involucre imbricated, scarious ; receptacle paleaceous ; pappus pale- 

 aceous, 5-leaved \ palese awned. (D Oriental herbs, with alternate, 

 lanceolate Ivs. 



C. CCERULEA. Lvs. linear and lanceolate, villous, somewhat bipinnatifid at 

 base ; lower scales of the involucre ovate, mucronate. From S. Europe. A hand- 

 some annual, 2 31' high. Heads solitary, on long peduncles with blue, spread- 

 ing, ligulate corollas toothed at apex. Jl. Sept. f 



