MONARDA. XCIll. LABIATE. 417 



spineless, usually 4, shorter than the achenia. A plant as widely diffused as 

 the preceding, growing in wet soils. Stem smooth, obtusely 4-angled, with the 

 sides concave, 12 18' high, usually simple, bearing small whorls of minute, 

 purplish flowers. Leaves with coarse, tooth-like serratures, sessile. The 

 whole plant often changes to purple. It is reputed a remedy for blood-spit- 

 ting. July, Aug. 



TRIBES. MONARDEJE. Corolla bilabiate ; tube exserted. Stamens 2, fer- 

 tile, ascending, the upper pair abortive ; anthers linear with the 2 cells con- 

 tiguous, or halved with the 2 cells widely separated on opposite ends of a 

 long, transverse connectile. 



7. MONARDA. 

 Name in honor of Monardus, a Spanish botanist of the 16th century. 



Calyx elongated, cylindric, striate, subequally 5-toothed ; cor. rin- 

 gent, tubular, upper lip linear, lower lip reflexed, 3-lobed, the middle 

 lobe narrowest ; sta. 2, fertile, ascending beneath the upper lip, and 

 mostly exserted ; anth. cells divaricate at base, connate at apex. ^i- 



1. M. DIDYMA. (M. purpurea. Lam. M. coccinea. Michx.} Mountain Mint. 

 St. acutely 4-angled ; Ivs. broadly ovate, acuminate, somewhat rough and 



villous, on short petioles, veins and veinlets hairy beneath ; fls. in terminal, 

 often proliferous heads; bracts colored. A handsome, fragrant plant, 2 3f 

 high, with crimson or scarlet flowers. Stem mostly branching. Leaves 2 5' 

 long, very broad at base, often cordate, serrate, with scattered hairs above, and 

 prominent, hairy veins beneath. Flowers in heads which are often proliferous, 

 with large, ovate-lanceolate bracts tinged with the same color as the corollas. 

 Calyx colored. Corollas large and showy. Styles 4, 2 of which are minute 

 and abortive ; hence the specific name. A beautiful plant in cultivation 

 Swamps, Can. to Ga'. 



2. M. FISTULOSA. ("M. oblongata,rugosa, clinopodia, allophylla, mollis, pur- 

 purea, of authors?) Horsemint. Wild Bergamot. Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, 



acute or acuminate, petiolate, more or less pubescent ; hds. of fls. terminal, few, 

 but many-flowered ; bracts sessile ; cal. slightly curved with the throat hirsute. 

 A handsome, variable plant, growing in hedges, thickets, rocky banks, Mass, 

 to Ga. W. to the Saskatchawan. The stem is 2 4f high, quadrangular with 

 the sides somewhat concave, hollow in various degrees, nearly smooth or pubes- 

 cent above, simple or with a few opposite branches. Leaves obtuse at base, 

 ovate or oblong-lanceolate, mostly acuminate, acutely serrate, nearly smooth, 

 2 4' long and on petioles their length. Flowers in involucrate, terminal 

 heads, 20 50 in a head. Outer bracts leafy, often partially colored. Calyx 

 slender, ' in length. Corolla much exserted, varying from greenish- white and 

 pale purple to blue, the upper lip long and linear, enfolding the 2 stamens, 

 which, with the style are somewhat exserted at its end. Jl. Aug. 



a. St. simple, hollow; hds. simple qr proliferous; cor. pale yellow. 



/?. (M. allophylla. Me.) St. branched, hollow, or solid with pith ; Ivs. oblong- 

 lanceolate ; hds. simple ; bracts partially colored ; cor. pale blue. 



y. (M. clinopodia. L.} St. solid; Ivs. tapering at base, remotely serrate; 

 hds. simple; cal. short; cor. pale purple. 



t. purpurea. St. tall (3 5f ), glabrous, dark purple.- la. ! common. 



. mollis. Lvs. softly pubescent ; upper lip of cor. densely bearded. 



3. M. PUNCTATA. (M. lutea. Michx.} Horsemint. 



Nearly glabrous ; st. obtusely angled, hoary-pubescent ; Ivs. oblong-lan- 

 ceolate to oblong, remotely and obscurely serrate; verticils axillary, dense; 

 bracts lanceolate, colored, longer than the verticils ; cal. teeth unequal. Pine 

 barrens, N. J., common, to Car. and Western States. Stem 2 3f high, branched. 

 Leaves punctate. Corolla yellow, with brown spots, upper 1 ip villous at the 

 apex. Bracts large, yellow and red. Sept. It contains an essential oil which 

 is valuable in medicine. 



