430 



XCIV. BORRAGINACE^E. 



ECHITJM. 



Sta. 5, inserted into the corolla and alternate with its lobes. 

 Ova. deeply 4-lobed, the style arising from the base of the lobes. 

 Fr.--Nuts 91- achenia 4, distinct, l-seeded. Seeds without albumen. 

 Embryo with a superior radicle. Cotyledons plano-convex. 



anorS thpTrSf 8 6 i ? vei j^ mds -^ in *e south of Europe and middle of Asia, becoming rare as we 

 approach me arctic circle. All our native species are herbaceous. 

 Properties. Mucilaginous and emollient plants, never poisonous. 



FIG. 52. i. Borrago officinalis. 2. A petal with its appendage at base, and anthers produced at apex. 

 3. Calyx with the 4 achenia and style. 4. Vertical section of one of the achenia, showing the seed, em- 

 bryo and albumen. 5. Plan of the flower. 6. Lithqspermum (Batschia) canescens. 7. Corolla laid open, 

 showing the stamens inserted on the tube. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



irregular. ..." Echium. 



("Corolla rotate, blue. . . Borrago. 

 I Corolla campanulate. . . Symphyt 

 excavated | Cor. funnel or ( tube straight. Anchusn. 

 at base. I salver-form, \ tube twice bent. Lycopsis. 



fAch.free, 

 f Ovary I unarmed, 



$ Lvs. rough. Onosmodium. 

 1. I Lvs. smooth.Mertensia. 



(dilated 



("Cor. throat < nar- Uobes erect. . Pulmonaria. 

 not ex- 1 open and ( row. \ lobes spreaiding.Lithospermum. 

 cavate | Cor. closed $ yellow, large. . Pentalophus. 



lall. . 



at base. Cat throat, \ white, smal 



i Corolla saiver-form. 



r , = . ^ Corolla funnel-fon 



Corolla I regular. I Ovary entire (partible in fruit) bearing the style at the top. 



J deeply , 



1 4-parted. I Achenia echinate, cohering. I Corolla funnel-form. 



Myosotis. 11 



Echinospertnum. 12 

 Cynoglossum. 13 

 IleHotrvpiwm. 14 



TRIBE 1. BORRAGE-E. Ovary consisting of two bipartible (rarely 2-celled) 

 carpels. Style arising from the base between the segments of the ovary. 

 Fruit deeply 4-(rarely 2-)parted. Seeds without albumen. 



1. ECHIUM. Buek. 

 Gr. c%'J, a viper; from the spotted stem of some species. 



Calyx 5-parted, segments subulate, erect ; corolla campanulate, ob- 

 liquely and unequally lobed, with a short tube and naked orifice ; 

 stigma cleft; achenia tuberculate, imperforate. Herbs or shrubs. 

 Fls. irregular, in spicate, panided racemes. Cor. cyanic. 



E. VTJLGARE. Viper's Bugloss. 



St. herbaceous, rough with bristles and tubercles ; cauline Ivs. lanceolate, 

 and rough with bristles ; spikes lateral, hairy, deflected. A rough plant, with 

 large, handsome, violet-colored flowers, found in fields and waste grounds, N. 

 States. Stem 18 20' high, round, with entire, dull green leaves, which are 

 2 6' long, and ^ as wide, lower ones petiolate, upper ones amplexicaul. Flow- 

 ers in numerous, crowded, axillary, recurved spikes, appearing in June and 

 July. 



