SALIX. CXXVII. SALICACE^E. 501 



Fr. coriaceous, 1-celled. 2-valved. 



Sds. numerous, ascending, furnished with a silky coma. Albumen 0. 



Genera 2, species 2-20, chiefly natives of the northern temperate and frigid zones, one species, Salix 

 arctica, extending farther north than any other known woody plant. 



Properties The bark is astringent and tonic, possessing the febrifugal properties of the sulphate of 

 quinia. The wood is employed for various economical purposes. 



Genera. 



$ 25. Capsule l-celled. Salix. 1 

 Stamens { 820. Capsule 2-celled. Populus. 2 



1. SALIX.* 

 Celtic sal, near, and lis, water ; alluding to their usual locality. 



Aments cylindric, bracts imbricated, 1 -flowered, each with a nec- 

 tariferous gland at base, cT Calyx ; sta. 2 7. 9 Calyx ; ova. 

 ovoid-lanceolate, acuminate ; stig. 2, mostly bifid ; caps. 1-celled, 

 2-valved, valves acuminate, finally revolute at summit ; seeds numer- 

 ous, minute, comose. Trees, shrubs and under shrubs. Lvs. usually 

 narrow and elongated, each with 2 conspicuous stipules. Aments termi- 

 nal and lateral. 



1. CINERE.E. Borrer. Upland, grayish shrubs. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, mostly 

 entire, rugose, canescent-pilose, margins often revolute. Aments oval or oval-cylin- 

 dric, expanding before the leaves, with, centrifugal inflorescence. Stamens 2. Scales 

 red, finally black. 9 aments recurved when young. Ovary pedicellate ; stigma 

 red or pale yellow, finally green. Barratt. 



1. S. TRISTIS. Ait. (S. longirostris. Michx.} Sage Willow. 



Lvs. linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, cuneate at base, entire or remotely 

 undulate-toothed, margin subrevolute, apex acute or obtusish; stip. minute, 

 narrow-lanceolate, caducous ; aments very small ; scales orbicular-oblong, 

 hairy at the margin ; ova. with grayish, silky pubescence ; sty. short. Sandy 

 or dry fields, borders of woods, pastures, N. Eng. ! to Ind. ! and 111. A small, 

 downy shrub, with a profusion of aments in spring, appearing before the 

 leaves. Leaves at length numerous, often crowded and rosulate at the ends of 

 the branches, 1 2' long, tapering from above the middle to a very short peiiole, 

 the margin often revolute, under surface glaucous, often pubescent, upper gene- 

 rally smoothish. In starved specimens the whole plant is grayish-white, with 

 very small leaves.. 



13. (S. Muhlenbergiana. Ph. and 1st edit.} Shrub larger in all its parts. 

 Bark green on the stem, yellowish and downy on the new branches. Leaves 

 2 3' long, often abrupt at base. 



y. Monadelphia. Barratt. Sta. united half their length. Conn. 



2. S. MUHLENBERGIANA. Barratt. (S. conifera. Muhl. and 1st edit.} Muh- 

 knberg's Willow. Lvs. oblanceolate, remotely serrate, glabrous above, 



pubescent and not rugose beneath ; young branches smooth ; stip. lunate, sub- 

 dentate ; aments precocious, diandrous ; scales lanceolate, obtuse, villous ; ova. 

 pedicellate, lanceolate, silky ; sty. long, bifid ; stig. 2-lobed. A shrub in dry 

 soils, Northern States, 4 8f high, with brown twigs. On the ends of these, 

 cone-like excrescences are often produced by the punctures of insects. Aments 

 covered with very hairy scales, appearing before the leaves in April. 



3. S. CANDIDA. Willd. White Willow. 



Lvs. lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, very long, obscurely serrulate at the 

 summit, pubescent above, hoary-tomentose beneath, revolute on the margin ; stip. 

 lanceolate, as long as the petioles ; amenls cylindric ; scales obovate, obtuse, 

 very long, hairy ; stig. 2-lobed. A beautiful species in shady woods. Stems 

 4 6f high. Leaves 812' by 1 2'. Catkins dense, white with dense wool. 

 Styles and stigmas dark red, ' in length. April, May. 

 2. DISCOLORES. Borrer. Trees or shrubs blossoming in early spring. Leaves 



serrate or denticulate, smooth and shining above, glaucous and pubescent beneath. 



Aments oval or cylindrical, preceding the leaves, smooth, silky or woolly, withovtjloral 



* Arranged according to Dr. Joseph Barratt. See preface. 



