548 CLI1I. LILIACE^. LILIUM. 



solitary, on a scape. The species are chiefly oriental. Only 2 are 

 generally cultivated. 



1. T. GESNERIANA. Common Tulip. Scape 1-flowered, smooth; Ivs. ovate- 

 lanceolate ; fl. erect, segments obtuse, smooth. Named for Gesner, a Zurich 

 botanist. It appears to have been introduced into Europe from Persia in 1559. 

 Its varieties are endless, and may be produced by first planting the seed in a 

 rich soil, and afterwards transplanting the bulbs into a poorer soil. After a 

 few years, the flowers become broken or variegated with colors in that exqui- 

 site manner so much admired. In catalogues there are enumerated and describ- 

 ed more than 700 varieties. May. 



2. T. SUAVEOLENS, vulgo, Van Thol, differs from T. Gesnerialia, in having a 

 pubescent scape and fragrant flowers. It is moreover much smaller, and blos- 

 som* earlier. 



2. LILIUM. 



Or. Xsipov, Celtic, U, white ; one species is the emblem of purity. 



Perianth campanulate, segments mostly recurved, each with a lon- 

 gitudinal groove within, from the middle to the base ; stam. shorter 

 than the style ; capsule subtriangular, the valves connected with lat- 

 ticed hairs. % Herbs, with bulbous and leafy stems. Lvs. sessile, 

 alternate or verticillate. Fls. terminal. 



1. L. CANADENSE. Yellow Lily. 



Lvs. most verticillate, lanceolate, the veins hairy beneath ; ped. terminal, 

 elongated, usually by 3s ; fl. nodding, the segments spreading, never revolute. 

 Can. and U. S. A plant of much beauty, frequently adorning our meadows in 

 summer. The root affords a fine example of the scaly bulb. Stem round, 

 2 4f high, surrounded by several remote whorls, each consisting of 4 6 

 leaves, and often a few scattered ones at base. These are 2 3' by 1'. 

 Flowers 1 3, sometimes 7 20, pendulous, yellow or orange-colored, spotted 

 with dark purple inside. July. 



2. L. SUPERBUM. Superb Lily. Turk's Cap. 



Lvs. linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-veined, glabrous, lower ones verticil- 

 xate, upper ones scattered ; fls. often in a pyramidal raceme, nodding, segments 

 revolute. Can., Mid. and W. States ! Few cultivated plants are more orna- 

 mental than this inhabitant of prairies and meadows. Root bearing a white, 

 squamose bulb. Stem erect, round, straight, 4 6f high. Leaves 2 3"' by 

 4_9". Flowers 3 20 or more, of a bright orange color with purple spots. 

 Sepals and petals linear-lanceolate, beautifully and fully revolute. Very dis- 

 tinct, at least in appearance, from the foregoing. July. 



3. L. PHILADELPHICUM. (L. Catesbaei. Walt. ?) 



Lvs. linear-lanceolate, rather acute, 1 -veined, upper verticillate, lower 

 generally scattered ; fls. subsolitary, campanulate, terminal, erect ; pet. and sep. 

 lance-ovate, unguiculate. Dry pastures, fields and barrens, U. S. and Can. An 

 elegant and showy plant, 15 20' high. Stem terete, smooth, simple. Leaves 

 2 3' by 3 5", sessile, smooth, only the midvein often conspicuous, collected 

 into 1,2 or 3 or more whorls of about 5, with the lower scattered. Flowers 

 usually solitary, rarely 2 4 and umbellate. Sepals and petals lance-ovate 

 (the latter broadest) deep orange-color, spotted at base, 2' long, standing apart 

 on long claws. June. 



4. L. CANDIDUM. White Lily. Lvs. scattered, lanceolate, narrowed at the 

 base ; ft. campanulate, smooth inside. Native of Levant. It has a thick stem 

 4f high, supporting a raceme of very large, snow-white flowers, which have 

 long been regarded as the emblems of whiteness and purity. Jl. f 



5. L. BULBIFERUM. Orange Lily. Lvs. scattered, 3-veined ; fls. campanulate, 

 erect, rough within. Native of Italy. Stem thick, round, 4f high, bearing 

 small, roundish, dark-colored bulbs in the axils of the leaves. Flowers large, 

 orange-colored, resembling in form those of L. candidum, but are scabrous* 

 within. July, f 



