98 SCIENCE AND PRACTICE OF DAIRYING. 



children should, before sterilization, be submitted to the action of 

 the centrifugal separator, and the cream and the skim-milk separated 

 in this way should be collected in the same vessel. He asserts that 

 the most of the low organisms, and among them the most dangerous 

 of the lasting kinds, remain behind in the mud residue, and that 

 such treatment of milk renders it much more easy to sterilize. 

 Whether treatment in the centrifugal machine does have this effect 

 on milk is very doubtful. 



Soxhlet suggests that cows should only be fed with scalded or 

 steamed hay, in order in this way to prevent the contamination of 

 the milk with the spores of the hay bacillus. 



Although it may be admitted that perfect sterilization is not 

 effected by the widely-known Soxhlet method of the treatment of 

 milk, nevertheless it can be asserted that it, and the milk steriliza- 

 tion apparatus also designed for household purposes by Soxhlet, 

 have proved themselves extremely useful. In the wide-spread 

 application which the apparatus has met with it has proved itself 

 eminently successful, inasmuch as it has undoubtedly contributed 

 very materially to a diminution of the rate of mortality in children. 

 Hueppe recognizes this, but regards the sterilization of milk in 

 single households as only a makeshift, and he would regard it as a 

 distinct improvement if the sterilization of milk could be accom- 

 plished in small bottles, either at the place where it is produced, 

 that is, in the larger farms in the neighbourhood of towns, or in 

 large municipal institutions. Only under such conditions would it 

 become easy, he thinks, to gradually effect the sterilization of milk 

 in large quantities. 



In the first place it is in the interests of the management of the 

 farm to pay the most careful attention to the cleanly treatment of 

 milk, and in the second place, before sterilizing, the milk should be 

 cleansed or purified in the centrifugal machine. Milk, according to 

 Hueppe, is best sterilized on the spot where it is produced, by 

 pouring it immediately after milking into half-litre bottles and 

 exposing it in these for 45 minutes to a steam heat of 100 C. 



In the Dresden dairy of Pfund the milk to be sterilized is first 

 heated to 60 C., thereafter it is poured into the patent bottles, and 

 these, after they have been closed, are heated in the steam apparatus 

 for some time at 100 C. Milk intended for the nourishment of 

 children is first treated in a centrifugal apparatus. 



Milk which is temporarily sterilized, or, in the most favourable 



