294: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE OF DAIRYING. 



Two samples of milk-sugar analysed by Dr. Gerber had the following 



compositions : 



(i) (2) 



Water and volatile substances, ... ... 5*67 9-48 



Milk-sugar, 92*49 86-28 



Albuminoids, 1-10 3*90 



Ash,... -74 -33 



100-00 99-99 



Sample (1) came from East Russia, and sample (2) from Marba, in 

 Canton Lucerne, Switzerland. Nothing is known with regard to attempts 

 made to adulterate milk-sugar. The percentage of pure sugar, in the 

 commercial sugar, is determined in the same way as in ordinary sugar. 



138. Bye-products of Milk of Minor Importance. Among the 

 different foods prepared from milk, the following, only known in 

 the East, may be mentioned: 



Keschk, small rods or balls, obtained by thickening very sour 

 butter-milk, and used in Asia, from Syria to Afghanistan, or Turkis- 

 tan, as an addition to herb porridge. The very dark-coloured 

 residue remaining, after the making of keschk, possesses a sour and 

 salt-like flavour, and is also used as an article of food, and is called 

 karagrut. If milk be coagulated by the addition of keschk, a sub- 

 stance called jaurt is obtained, which, when mixed with salt and 

 water, constitutes a favourite dish. We have already discussed in 

 126 the preparation of effervescing beverages from whey, and 

 the hitherto unsuccessful attempts to prepare alcohol or vinegar 

 on a large scale from whey. 



The application of liquid milk products and caseous matter in 

 certain trades, depend, on the one hand, on the fact that solutions of 

 casein, when dried, form a hard, horny, elastic mass, not readily 

 soluble in water, and, on the other hand, on the fact that casein 

 forms, with the oxides and salts of the metals of the calcium group, 

 a cement-like compound, insoluble in water. 



It has been known for centuries that the peeling off of white- 

 wash may be prevented if butter-milk or whey be substituted for 

 the milk of lime. 



For painting wood which it is desired to protect from the 

 influence of the weather, there should be used either a cement which 

 has been stirred to a thick paste, or a mixture of curd, linseed oil, 



