AKIICLE XVlll.-TWO SPECIES OF ACTINIARIA FliOM CAMPBELL 



ISLAND. 



Bv H. li KiKK M.A. Professor of Biology, Victoria College, Wellington, and F. G. A. Stuckey, M.A. 



PLATES XIX AND XX. 



Fam. ACTINIDAE, Andres ("Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, 1884"). 



Anemonia, Risso, Hist. Nat. des Product. Europ. Merid. v, 1826. 



Distribution. — Atlantic, Mediterranean. Torres Strait, coast of Argentine, coast 

 of California. New Zealand. 



Anemonia dichogama, n. sp. (Plates XIX and XX.) 



A wliite anemone found between the tide-marks on Campbell Island is referred 

 to the genus Anemonia in the sense suggested by Mr. Murrich — Antheadae (as 

 characterized by R. Hertwig) without acrorhagi, and without distinct collar and 

 fosse (1). 



Seven specimens were obtained by Dr. Chilton and H. B. Kirk. The unfavour- 

 able circumstances in which they were collected led to the omission of notes on the 

 living animal, and most of the specimens have shrunk badly in alcohol. 



Owing to the absence or feebleness of the sphincter, none completely closed, 

 and two became everted, with the result that the tentacles came to form a corona 

 round the pedal disc. 



The anemone appears entitled to specific distinctness, and we propose for it 

 the name Anemonia dichogama. 



The body-wall in the preserved specimens is marked by closely set longitudinal 

 rugae, each horizontally constricted to form numerous papillae. Each papilla 

 corresponds to a mesogloeal thickening. In many of these papillae, if not in all, 

 there is a pit caused by invagination of the ectoderm. 



Height of column, from 1cm. to 1-5 cm. ; diameter, from 0*5 cm. to 1 cm. 

 Colour, dirty white. The tentacles are 42 in number, arranged in two series. 



The mesogloea is scanty — more scanty than in the other New Zealand Anemonia, 

 A. olivacea, Hutton (3, 4). 



In the mesenteries of the higher orders the longitudinal muscle banners are 

 seen in cross-section to occupy most of the face of the mesentery, except when gonads 

 are developed. The banner tapers off to the parietal edge of the muscle. The 

 parietal muscles are well developed, and form a noticeable banner. The free edge 

 usually forms a distinct lobe. 



Ninety-two mesenteries can usually be counted, of which 12 are primaries. 

 Probably the normal number is 96 ; but there is much irregularity, the secondaries 

 sometimes reaching quite to the stomodaeum. Tertiary, and occasionally secondary, 



