114 THE PSYCHICAL KINSHIP 



her baby, which looked to me Hke all other 

 babies I had ever seen, were mixed up with a lot 

 of other babies of about the same age, whether 

 she could pick hers out from all the rest, and she 

 gave me an unmistakable affirmative by answering, 

 * What a foolish question !' 



There is less variety among the individuals of 

 non-human races than among individual men, 

 just as there is less variety among individual 

 savages than among the members of a civilised 

 community. But there is mental diversity among 

 all beings, and we only need to whittle our obser- 

 vation a little to recognise the fact. You never 

 hear the keeper of a menagerie or any intelligent 

 associate of dogs, horses, birds, or insects say 

 there is no individuality among these animals. 

 Brehm, the great German naturalist, assures us 

 that each individual monkey of all those he kept 

 tame in Africa had its own peculiar temper and 

 disposition. And this is no more than what 

 everyone who knows anything about it knows to 

 be true of dogs, horses, cats, cattle, birds, and 

 even fishes and insects. Any intelligent dog- 

 fancier or pigeon-fancier can tell you the personal 

 peculiarities of every one of the fifty or a hundred 

 dogs or pigeons in his charge. He has watched 

 and studied them since they came into existence, 

 and through this continuous association he has 

 come to know them. He simply makes discrimina- 

 tions that are not made by the casual or superficial 

 observer. The Laplander knows and names each 

 reindeer in his herd, though to a stranger they are 



