igo THE PSYCHICAL KINSHIP 



excavating chambers, forming tunnels, making 

 roads, guarding their home, gathering food, feeding 

 the young, tending their domestic animals, each 

 one fulfilling its duties industriously and without 

 confusion, it is difficult altogether to deny them 

 the gift of reason or to escape the conviction that 

 their mental powers differ from those of men not 

 so much in kind as in degree ' (Lubbock). 



The industrious and gifted bee, with its wonder- 

 ful social system, in advance even of that of the 

 most enlightened societies of men; the generous 

 horse, who thinks and feels so much more than 

 the clowns who maul him ever suspect ; the artful 

 spider, that confirmed waylayer lurking in his lair 

 of silk ; the soft and predaceous cat ; the timid- 

 hearted hare, poor hounded little dweller of the 

 fields and stream-sides ; the beautiful and vivacious 

 squirrel ; the lowly lady-bug ; the cautious fox ; 

 the irascible serpent, so cruelly misunderstood by 

 men ; the patient camel ; the scornful peafowl ; 

 the indomitable goat; the grave and vindictive 

 elephant; the ingenious beaver, the woodman of 

 the primeval wilderness; the lordly and polygamous 

 cock ; the maternal hen ; the wary trout, beset 

 everywhere by the villainous traps of impostors ; 

 the bride-like butterfly ; the delicate antelope and 

 deer; and the sturdy, incorruptible ox — all of 

 these beings have within them souls composed 

 primarily of the same elements as those that 

 compose the souls of men. 



Ground- wasps have been observed to use tiny 

 stones as hammers in packing the dirt firmly over 



