258 THE ETHICAL KINSHIP 



villainous apparitions who appear to him only in 

 the horrible ordeals of battle. His chief occupa- 

 tion is the waging of war against them, and his 

 keenest gratification is felt in laying them low. 

 The accounts of all travellers testify that the 

 intertribal relations of savages are, with few 

 exceptions, those of chronic feud and hostility. 

 The irreconcilable antagonism between the savage 

 and those around him begets in the savage nature 

 its dominating impulse — hate, hatred and hostility 

 toward other men, as well as toward all other 

 beings. In fact, the savage makes no moral 

 distinction between man and the other animals, 

 but regards them all indiscriminately as his foes, 

 whom he must either use or remove from the face 

 of the earth. The savage hunts men about as he 

 hunts other animals, and for a like purpose. The 

 Troglodytes hunted the Ethiopians in four-horse 

 chariots with as little compunction as Americans 

 hunt antelopes to-day. 



IV. The Ethics of the Ancient, 



But the doctrine that each petty tribe is the 

 centre of the world and the only real and impor- 

 tant people in the universe, and that all others 

 are mere nobodies, is not peculiar to primitive 

 peoples. Ethnocentric ethics — the ethics of amity 

 toward their own tribe or state, their own clique 

 or kind, and the ethics of enmity toward outsiders — 

 has been manifested to a greater or less extent by 

 the peoples of all times and of all degrees of 

 enlightenment. Every people that has ever existed 



