Chap. XXV.] PHRENOLOGY : OLD AND NEW. 543 



has been thouglit better to relegate it to an Appendix 

 (p. 691), and here merely to introduce the view which seems 

 best supported by the evidence there adduced, together 

 with some suggestions which may, perhaps, be calculated 

 to obviate confusion' in the future. 



The conclusion there arrived at is that the term 

 * Muscular Sense * ought to be abolished, as being in 

 several respects misleading, when applied (as it often is) 

 with totally distinct significations, partly referring to some 

 and partly to all the impressions which we derive from 

 our moving members, or from Movements generally. We 

 may much more reasonably and conveniently, in the face 

 of all the disagreements concerning the ' muscular sense,* 

 speak of a Sense of Movement,* as a separate endowment, 

 of a complex kind, whereby we are made acquainted with 

 the position and movements of our limbs, whereby we judge 

 of ' weight ' and ' resistance,' and by means of which the 

 Brain also derives much unconscious guidance in the per- 

 formance of Movements generally, but especially in those 

 of the automatic type. Impressions of various kinds 

 combine for the perfection of this ' sense of movement,' 

 and in part its cerebral seat or area coincides with that of 

 the sense of Touch. There are included under it, as its 

 several components, cutaneous im.pressions, impressions 

 from muscles and other deep textures of the limbs (such 

 as fasciae, tendons, and articular surfaces), all of which 

 jield Conscious Impressions of various degrees of defi- 

 niteness ; and in addition there seems to be a highly 

 important set of ' unfelt ' Impressions, which guide the 

 motor activity of the Brain by automatically bringing it 



* Or in one word, Kinaestliesis (from Kiveco, to move and 

 alcrdrjai^, sensation). To speak of a ' Kinassthetic Centre' will 

 certainly be found more convenient than to speak of a ' Sense of 

 Movement Centre.* 



