CflAP. XX VII.] CEREBRAL MENTAL SUBSTRATA. 591 



There are, in the first place, termini for the important 

 class of Yisceral Impressions which, so far as they are 

 connected with the animal's ' life of relation,' are divisible 

 into two main categories — the Alimentary and the Grenital. 

 The parts of the Visceral Centre appertaining to these 

 sets of impressions are the cerebral foci in relation with 

 two all-powerful * appetites'. They must, each of them, be 

 in intimate connection with the special Perceptive Centres, 

 whose activity is conjointly roused during the times of 

 recurrence and active manifestation of the various Instincts 

 of lower animals, as well as during the various phases of 

 human passion and action which are immediately or re- 

 motely connected with such Yisceral Impressions. 



Differing altogether from the foregoing Impressions, 

 both 'special' and 'visceral' (though their related physical 

 mechanisms may be inextricably intermixed), we have 

 another great class of Impressions — viz., those of Kin- 

 £Osthesis. Here we are not concerned, except indirectly, 

 with impressions made upon the external or interual 

 surfaces of the Organism. Such impressions evoke Move- 

 ments, and these in their turn occasion various ingoing im- 

 pressions. Some of these latter Kinaesthetic Impressions 

 (such as those occasioned by the contractions of the Heart 

 and of the Alimentary Canal) give rise in the healthy 

 human being to no recognizable phase of Consciousness : 

 it is even doubtful whether some of them ever reach 

 the Cerebrum. Other of these impressions, however — 

 especially in case*s where Muscles are called into play 

 voluntarily in unaccustomed actions, and where the Move- 

 ments produced affect large Joints or tracts of Skin — 

 give rise to more or less distinct states of Consciousness, 

 and thus place it beyond all reasonable doubt that such 

 impressions reach the Kinaesthetic Centres in the curtex 

 of the Hemispheres. 



