Chap. XXIX.] SPEECH AND THOUGHT. 6i9 



Broca, in 1861 * — that of Lelong — evidently conformed 

 to this type, but as he did not come under observation 

 till some time after the commencement of his malady, we 

 select a fairly typical case recorded by Dr. Bateman.f 



A waterman, fifty-one years of age, and previously healthy, 

 after helping to unload a vessel at Yarmouth on December 9, l864, 

 went to a tavern with the intention of asking for some beer, when, 

 to his astonishment, he found himself unable to speak. Only a 

 few hours previously he had called at a merchant's office and 

 arranged about a fresh cargo, so that at this time his aptitude for 

 business was in no wise impaired. His loss of speech was ac- 

 companied by no ordinary paralytic condition, for although 

 speechless, he, on the same evening, removed his vessel from one 

 part of the river to another, and the next day he helped to reload it 

 with a fresh cargo before starting for JSTorwich by rail. On reach- 

 ing home his friends were alarmed at finding that his vocabulary 

 was limited to the words, "Oh dear! Oh dear!" There was no 

 marked improvement till the expiration of a fortnight : after this 

 period he seems gradually to have become able tp utter a few more 

 words. When seen by Dr. Bateman about three months and a 

 half from the commencement of his illness he looked well, seemed 

 remarkably intelligent, and appeared to understand everything 

 that was said to him. He was still unable to give expression to his 

 ideas by articulate language, except in a very imperfect manner, 

 though he could move his tongue freely in all directions. He had 

 been able to write fluently before the date of his illness, but he 

 had almost lost this power, as well as that of speech. Although 

 just able to write one or two words, he could not write a sentence. 

 Yet there was no trace of paralysis of limbs, either on the right or 

 on the left side. 



Later this man became subject to fits at short intervals. 

 After nearly two years, he was again admitted to the Hospital, on 

 January 12, 1867. He then seemed in the possession of his usual 

 intelhgence, and was still free from any signs of paralysis in limbs 

 or face. He had regained the power of speaking to a considerable 

 extent, and now suffered from a different kind of defect — he had 

 become Amnesic rather than Aphasic. " He understands all thatia 



* " Bullet, de la Soc. Anatom.," Aug. and Nov. 1861. 

 t " On Aphasia," 1870, p. 65. 



