Chap. XXIX.] SPEECH AND THOUGHT. 653 



In the case next selected, the Aphasia was also asso- 

 ciated with right-sided paralysis, but it was accompanied 

 by considerable mental impairment, and there was evi- 

 dence of the existence of damage not only to the Visual 

 but also to the Auditory Word-Centres. The patient 

 could neither Speak nor Write. Moreover, she did not 

 seem to be able to apprehend the meaning of spoken 

 words, and she was equally at a loss to understand written 

 or printed characters. This case was recorded by Dr. 

 Bazire.* 



"M. W — , Eet. 24, a young woman of short stature, was admitted 

 as an out-patient at the N'ational Hospital for the Paralj'sed and 

 Epileptic on January 10, 1865, suffering from imperfect right 

 hemiplegia, and complete aphasia. To all my questions she invari- 

 ably answered, ' Sapon, Sapon.' It was ascertained from a relative 

 who accompanied the patient, that she had been seized with para- 

 lysis on the right side three months previously. The actual attack 

 was sudden. She dropped down senseless, remained in a comatose 

 condition for several days, and when she recovered her senses could 

 not utter a single word beyond ' Sapon, Sapon,' which she has ever 

 since kept repeating at every turn. The paralysis was not com- 

 plete after the first few days." 



" When I first saw her the patient had walked to the hospital, a 

 distance of about two miles from her residence. Her face was full 

 of expression, and her eyes beaming with intelligence; yet it was 

 manifest that these appearances were deceptive, and that her 

 intellect was very much impaired. She could not he made to un- 

 derstand at once, hij words alone, what was required of her ; and 

 could not always answer correctly hy gestures the questions which 

 she was ashed. Her 'pantomime was not so clear as that of a deaf 

 and dumh individual, and she seemed not to be ahle to understand 

 the meaning of words. They had to be sjpohen very slowly, and 

 repeated several times before she could catch their meaning, and she 

 •most frequently failed completely in this. Gestures she understood 

 at once. Thus, when I asked her to show me her tongue, she 

 did not always do so immediately ; but on putting out my own 



* Trousseau's " Lectures," Trans, p. 224. 



