Planche 12. 



Compos6es. 



Cette famille a des inflorescences composees 

 d'un grand nombre de petites fleurs, entourees 

 d'une euveloppe de bractees; tout ressemble au 

 premier abord a une seule grande fleur. 



Fig. 1. Gnaphale naine. Recouvre souvent 

 en touffes serrees le sol des depressions en- 

 neigees ou les moutons les broutent avec avi- 

 dite. 1700 a 290o m. 



Fig. 2. Gnaphale de Hoppe. Les feuiUes 

 de 1'involucre seulement long du tiers de la 

 longueur de la capitule, les feuilles couvertes 

 d'un feutre blanc des 2 cotes et celles de la 

 tiges aussi longues que les basilaires. Pelouses 

 et gazons hum ides, depressions enneigees des 

 hautes Alpes jusqu'a 2900 m. 



Fig. 3. Gnaphale des forets. Les feuilles 

 de la tige aussi longues ou plus courtes que 

 les feuilles basilaires, avec une seule nervature, 

 plante ordinairement beaucoup plus haute que 

 la precedente. 



Clairieres, paturages, pres tourbeux de la 

 plaine & 2350 m. 



Fig. 4. Pied de lion (..Edelweiss"). Gna- 

 phale etoile. La ,,tleur" d'Edelweiss est com- 

 posee en realite d'une multitude de petites 

 fleurettes associees en capitules entoures de 

 feuilles rayonnantes, couvertes de poils blancs. 



Pres, pelouses, rochers calcaires, 1900 a 

 2900 m. 



Fig. 6. Gnaphale des Carpathes. Capitules 

 brunes, plantes sans rejetons. 



Paturages sees et maigres, humus de 1800 

 a 8100 m, aussi au Nord. 



Fig. 6. Gnaphale dioVque. (Patte de chat.) 

 Feuilles semblables a du feutre blanc, comme 

 celles de 1'Edelweiss. Plante dioique {fleurs 

 males et fleurs feme lies portees par des pieds 

 differents). La Fig. represente un exemplalre 

 femelle; on voit sortir les styles filiformes. 



Le patte de chat se rencontre des bords 

 de la mer on on 1'apelle ,,Edelweiss des dunes", 

 jusqu'a 2850 m, dans les endroits sees, maigres, 

 riches en humus; dans les paturages et les 

 tourbieres dessechees. 



Fig. 7. Eperviere orangee. Parmi les Com- 

 posees al pines a (ieura oranges c'est la seule 

 dont la tige raminee porte de nombreux ca- 

 pitules. 



Paturages, gazons, de ca. 1400 a 2600 m. 



Fig. 8. Senepon a feuilles d'armoise. Fa- 

 cile a reconnaitre a ses feuilles bipennatisequees 

 a segments etroits et a la couleur jaune-orange 

 de ses deurs. Les capitules ont deux sortes 

 de fleurs: celles du disques (centre) sont tubu- 

 leuses, les autres sont des languettes etalees 

 comme les rayons d'une roue. 



Espece des Alpes orientates! De 1900 a 

 2000 m env. dans les Alpes grisonnes et tes- 

 sinoises. 



Fig. 9. Arnica. Elle est facile a distinguer 

 des autres Composees alpines a fleurs jaunes 

 par ses feuilles opposite et non alternantes. 



Pres sees ou tour be ux, gazons des regions 

 mont ague uses, jusqu'a 2800 m. 



Fig. 10. Aronique a racine noueuse. Fleu- 

 rettes du capitule tubuleuses; cellos de la cir- 

 conference ligulees; involucre hemispherique, 

 feuilles caulinaires alternes (ce qui la distingue 

 de 1' Arnica, dont les feuilles de la tige sont 

 opposees); feuilles radicales cordi formes. 



Eboulis, surtout BUT le calcaire, de 1400 



Plate 12. 

 Composites. 



The Composites have an inflorescence 

 posed of closely packed single flowers, sur- 

 rounded by an involucrum. 



Fig. 1. Dwarf-Cudweed. Covers the soil of 

 the snow-valleys and is greedily eaten by sheep, 

 1700-2990 m. 



Fig. 2. Hoppe's Cudweed. Distinguished 

 from the preceding by the outermost involucral 

 leaves being only */ as long as the whole 

 flower-heads (in G. supinum they are nearly 

 */, as long). The middle leaves of the stem are 

 as long or longer than the lower ones and all 

 the leaves are thickly covered with woolly 

 hairs on both surfaces. Moist meadows of the 

 higher Alps, in snow valleys up to 2900 m. 

 (Absent in the North.) 



Fig. 3. Wood -Cudweed. Involucral leaves 

 as in the preceding, but the middle leaves of 

 the stem are nearly as long as the lower ones 

 with only one vein. More open places in the 

 woods meadows, peat-moors from the plains up 

 to 2350 m. Called ,,Galtkraut" by the herdsmen ; 

 it is supposed to be detrimental to the secretion 

 of the cow's milk. 



Fig. 4. Edelweiss. Easily known by its 

 white hairy clothlike heads. That which looks 

 like a large flower at the end of the stalk is in 

 reality a very composite structure. It consists 

 of numerous many-flowered heads, whose white, 

 woolly, radially arranged bracts imitate a flower, 

 in order to attract insects. 



Rich meadows, turf, on rocky slopes, espec. 

 on chalk, from 19002900 in (maximum 3400 m). 

 Absent in the arctic region but a common 

 steppe-plant of Siberia. 



Fig. 6. Carpathian-Cudweed. Distinguished 

 from the preceding by the absence of runners 

 and by the brown heads of flowers. Dry, 

 barren Alpine meadows, 18003100 m (in the 

 North in Lapland, arctic Norway and Nova 

 Zembla). 



Fig. 6. Mountain -Cudweed. Has white 

 woolly leaves like the Edelweiss but is dioecious. 

 The figure illustrates a female specimen, in 

 which the thread-like styles protrude. 



Is found from the sea-level up to 2850 m 

 on dry places, on heaths, and dry peat-moors. 



Fig. 7. Orange Hawk-weed. This is our 

 only orange coloured Alpine Composite with 

 numerous heads on a branched stem. 



Meadows, turf, from about 14001600 m. 



Fig. 8. Cut-leaved Groundsel. Easily known 

 by its delicately tipped, bi-pinnatedly cut leaves 

 and its orange coloured heads with ray and 

 disc flowerets. Species of the . Alps, from 

 about 19002000 m. 



Fig. 9. Arnica. Easily known from all 

 other yellow Composites by the sessile leaves 

 of the stem being in pairs. 



Peat moors, dry meadows, heathy soil, from 

 the mountain region up to 2800 m. 



Fig. 10. Doronicum. Possesses tongue- 

 shaped marginal and tube-shaped central flow- 

 erets, a hemispherical involucre, alternateleaves 

 (distinction from Arnica) and broad heartshaped 

 rootleaves. 



Stony debris, espec. on chalk, from 1400 

 to 2800m. 



