Planche 13. 



Composees (Suite). 



Fig. 1. Centauree a forte nervation. Facile- 

 meut a reconnaitre a la perruque roude et 

 deuse qui forme 1'involucrc do la capitule; elle 

 se compose des accessoires tres - divises des 

 bractees involucrales. 



Prairies de la region des coniferes, surtout 

 dans les parties centrales des Alpes (Orisons, 

 Uri, Tessin, Valais) ca. 1500 a 2GUO m ; seulcment 

 dans les Alpes, les Carpathes et dans 1'Apennin. 



Fig. 2. Chardon glouteron. Caracterise par 

 ses feuilles tomenteuses dans la partie inferieure 

 et par &es capitules accuruulees comme chex le 

 glouteron. Clairieres, buissons, pres humides 

 et endroits engraisses autour des chalets alpestres, 

 dans la region des coniferes, mais aussi par la 

 dans la plaine de 800 de 2300 in. 



Fig. 3. Chardon a haute tige. Les capitules 

 solitaires et terininales sont suspendues au 

 sonimet d'une longue tige, les feuilles sont 

 niunies d'epines. 



Endroits pierreux, eboulis, paturages, pres 

 maigres, depuls la plaine jusqu'a 2450 m. 



Fig. 4. Carline sans tige (Cameleon blanc). 

 Les capllules tres grandes sont ordinairement 

 sessiles au milieu d'une rosette basilaire de 

 feuilles epineuses, elles s'ouvrent et se ferment, 

 sel on que le temps est sec ou humide. 



Gazons et paturages sees, maigres et bien 

 exposes ou soleil, region montagneuse jusqu'a 



Plate 13. 

 Composites (Continuation). 



Fig. 1. Strongly-veined Knap-weed. Easily 

 known by the dense globular hairy head which 

 is formed by the feathery fringed appendices of 

 the iuvolucral leaves. 



Meadows of the pine region, espec. in the 

 central chain (Grisons, Uri, Ticiuo, Valais). 

 From about 1500 2600 m (only in the Car- 

 pathians, the Alps and the Apennines). 



Fig. 2. Burdock Thistle. The genus Carduus 

 (thistle) is characterised by its pappus consisting 

 of simple not feathery hairs and the base of 

 the seeds being provided with hard scales. The 

 allied genus Cirsium has a pappus consisting of 

 feathery hairs. The species figured is characte- 

 rised by its clustered burdock-like flower-heads 

 and the clothlike consistence of the lower sur- 

 faces of the leaves. Open places of the woods, 

 among bushes, damp meadows and in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the herdsman's huts (,,Lagerpflanze") 

 in the mountain and pine region, occasionally 

 in the plains 8002300 m an indicator of moist 

 and rich soil. 



Fig. 3. Long stalked Thistle. Characterised 

 by its single hanging Hower-heads on long stalks 

 and by the prickly leaves on the stem which 

 are mostly bare on the lower surface. On 

 stony slopes, slopes of debris, on pastures, 

 barren meadows and ,,Wildheuplatze" from the 

 plains up to 2450 m. Prefers chalk soil. 

 Occasionally with white flowers. 



A hybrid between Carduus Personata and 

 defloratus (Carduus Bambergeri, Hausmann) is 

 occasionally found (Avers, St. Antonien, Valais). 



Fig. 4. Dwarf -Thistle, Silver Thistle. The 

 large flower-head either grows close to the root 

 loaves on the ground or it adorns the summit 

 of a fairly long stem (var. caulescens Lam.). 

 The innermost involucral bracts are spread out 

 in a starlike manner in dry weather and their 

 inner surfaces possess a silvery lustre, so that 

 they resemble a large flower and serve as a 

 guide to the insects. In damp weather they 

 close and form a protection for the flowers. 

 The base of the seed contains lactiferous vessels 

 and is eatable like those of artichokes. 



Dry, sunny, poor meadows from the moun- 

 tain region up to 2480 m. 



SCUK&TKR, Alpen flora. 



