s 



202 COMMON CANADIAN WILD PLANTS. 



ORDER LXXXVI. JUGLANDA'CE^I. (WALNUT F.) 



Trees with alternate pinnate leaves and no stipules. Flow- 

 ers monoecious. Sterile flowers in catkins. Fertile flowers 

 solitary or in small clusters, with a regular 3-4-lobed calyx 

 adherent to the ovary. Fruit a sort of drupe, the fleshy 

 outer layers at length becoming dry and forming a husk, 

 the inner layer hard and bony and forming a nut-shell. 

 Seed solitary in the fruit, very large and 4-lobed. This 

 Order comprises the Walnuts, Butternuts, and Hickories. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



1. Jus' I a us. Sterile flowers in solitary catkins from the previous 

 year's wood. Filaments of the numerous stamens very short. 

 Fertile flowers on peduncles at the ends of the branches. Calyx 

 4-toothed, with small petals at the sinuses. Styles and stigmas 2, 

 the latter fringed. Exocarp or husk drying without splitting. 

 Shell of the nut very rough and irregularly furrowed. 



2. Car'ya. Sterile flowers in slender clustered catkins. Stamens 3-10, 

 with very short filaments. Fertile flowers in small clusters at the 

 ends of thehranches. Calyx 4-toothed ; 720 petals. Stigmas 2 or 

 4, large. Exocarp 4-valved, drying and splitting away from the 

 very smooth and bony nut-shell. 



1. JFG'LAXS, L. WALNUT. 



1. J. einer'ea, L. (BUTTERNUT.) Leaflets oblong-lance- 

 olate, pointed, serrate. Petioles and branchlets clammy. 

 Fruit oblong, clammy. Rich woods. 



2. J. ni'gra, L. (BLACK WALNUT.) Leaflets ovate-lance- 

 olate, taper-pointed, serrate. Petioles downy but not clammy. 

 Fruit spherical. Wood a darker brown than in the Butter- 

 nut. Rich woods ; rare northward. 



2. CAR'YA, Nutt. HICKORY. 



1. C. alba, Nutt, (SHELL-BARK HICKORY. ) Leaflets 5, the 

 lower pair much smaller than the others. Husk of the 

 fruit splitting completely into 4 valves. Nut flattish-globu- 

 lar, mucronate. Bark of the trunk rough, scaling off in 

 rough strips. Rich woods. 



2. C. tomento'sa, Nutt. (WHITE-HEART HICKORY.) Spa- 

 ringly found in the Niagara district and south-westward. 



