CHAP. I.] FOALS' AND COLTS' TEETH FORMING. 549 



lanced and the tushes appear : this the dealers 

 effect prematurely at times ; and having also drawn 

 out the two front sucking teeth, this causes the 

 " horse teeth" to come up soon, so that the animal 

 may appear four years old before its time. Pur- 

 suing the same species of deception, they proceed to 

 draw the remaining sucking teeth, that the animal 

 may assume the appearance of a five year old, 

 Jockies have then a pass word for this operation, 

 which they term " all up !" 



In examining the mouth to ascertain the age, 

 we leave entirely out of consideration the grinding 

 teeth, and chiefly rely upon the under jaw ; though 

 when deception may be suspected, the buyer should 

 refer to the upper teeth also, as these follow the 

 same course of nature as the lower, but do not de- 

 ^ay so fast in old age. 



Ax fifteen clays old the fore teeth (two above and 

 two below), appear above the gums, the outside 

 shell first, having muscular substance in the middle 

 of the two shells, which fills gradually up, till about 

 the end of the first year, when the surface becomes 

 smooth, and a small ring is observable towards the 

 root of each. 



Meantime, when the foal is a month old, the next 

 two teeth (one on each side) above ancf below, ap- 

 pear in like manner ; and at thirteen months the 

 fleshy cavities of these fill up, and a ring is observ- 

 able as in the former. 



At four months old the corner teeth come up, and 

 the filling up is similarly effected at sixteen or 



