A HISTORY OF KENT 



papillae.' The generic name signifies 'polished skin'. Cylherura 

 striata, Sars, one of the commonest of its genus, ' occurring in tidal 

 pools, as well as in all depths of water round the British coasts, and ex- 

 tending commonly into the estuaries of rivers on the east coast of Eng- 

 land,' ' is specially reported from Girdler Sand ; C. similis, Sars, is 

 recorded under the synonym C. propinqua by Brady and Robertson from 

 the Thames Estuary ; ^ C producta, Brady, one of the less common species, 

 is reported by Brady and Norman from the Thames and Dungeness Bay,^ 

 and by the same authors their C. simplex from the ' Thames Estuary, 7 

 fathoms.' ' As to the genus Cytherura Brady says that its species are 

 the smallest of all the Ostracoda. Bythocythere recta (Brady) has been 

 obtained by Dr. Brady in Dungeness Bay.° Sclerochilus contortus (Nor- 

 man) was found by Davison at Margate and ' in shell sand, Girdler 

 Sand.' In this genus the elongated valves are ' very hard, especially 

 towards the margins,' thus accounting for the generic title ' hard-lip.' 

 Dr. Brady in 1868 says, 'in outward appearance the one species belonging 

 to this genus is scarcely separable from the following [Paradoxostoma) ; 

 but the structure of the animal shows an apparent transition from the 

 Cythere type to that of Paradoxostoma. This is more especially evident 

 in the mandibles and mouth.' On the other hand in 1889 Brady and 

 Norman separate from the Cytheridae a new family Paradoxostomatidae 

 for species which among other characters have the valves thin, fragile, 

 smooth, imperfectly closed in front, and the mandibles stiliform." 

 G. O. Sars (1891), however, and G. W. Muller (1894) think the 

 additional family unnecessary, or only to be accepted with modifications 

 as a subfamily of the Cytheridae. Paradoxostoma variabile (Baird), 

 reported from Dover by Baird' and obtained from Girdler Sand, Thames, 

 by Davison, is exposed to some doubt by the remark of Dr. G. W. 

 Muller that P. variabile is obviously a collective name for numerous 

 species, some of which can only be distinguished by minute anatomical 

 details.' P. abbrrviatum, Sars, P. enstforme, Brady, and P. Jlexuosum, 

 Brady, have all been obtained from Girdler Sand, and the last also 

 from Dungeness Bay." 



For the Copepoda of the county the authorities are not very 

 numerous. Among those who have published results of their re- 

 searches, the foremost is Mr. Lubbock (Lord Avebury), who in 1863 

 records seven species of Cyclops from Kentish ponds. As to the family 

 in general, he says : ' Considering that they are among the commonest 

 inhabitants of our fresh waters, that probably there is not a weedy 

 pond in the country which does not contain two or three species, it is 

 somewhat remarkable that the genus should have been so completely 



* Transactions Roy. Dublin Society, ser. 2, iv. 196. 



« Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 4, v. 25 (1870). 



3 Transactions Royal Dublin Society, ser. 2, iv. 199. 



* Loc. cit. p. 201. * Loc. cit. p. 222. * Loc. cit. p. 67. 

 ' British Entomostraca, 170. 



8 Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, Ostracoden, 313 (1894). 



* Transactions Roy. Dublin Society, iv. ser. 2, 237. 



258 



