XIV 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



B. Staghorn beetle, 

 . Following 



B. 



. Following 



Xiphophorus 



. Following 



PLATE 29. A. Male and female seventeen-year cicada. 



males and female . 

 PLATE 30. Male and female Hercules beetle 



FIG. 7. Heads of male and female beetles 

 PLATE 31. Male, female, and larva of Chauliodes cornutus 

 PLATE 32. Male and female fish: A. Callionymus lyra. 

 hellerii ....... 



PLATE 33. A. Male and female dragon-fly (Calopteryxmaculatd). B. Male, 

 female, and larva of crested newt (Triton cristatus} Following 

 PLATE 34. Males and females of different species of lizards . . " 



FIG. 8. Secondary sexual characters in copepods 



FIG. 9. Locusts from the Galapagos Islands 



FIG. 10. Map of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands . . . ' . 



FIG. ii. Viola cucullata .......... 



FIG. 12. Viola rostrata 



FIG. 13. Solea concolor 



FIG. 14. Skeletons of the fore limbs of various vertebrates 



FIG. 15. Vestigial bones of the hind limbs in a boa constrictor . 



FIG. 1 6. Skeleton of Greenland whale 



PLATE 35. Apteryx australis ....... Following 



PLATE 36. Eyes of various vertebrates, showing the nictitating membrane 



Following 



PLATE 37. Hair tracts on the arms and hands of a man and a male chim- 

 panzee ......... Following 



FIG. 17. Muscles of the human ear ........ 



FIG. 1 8. Three fishes, showing stages in the loss of eyes and color . 



FIG. 19. Stages in the development of the pond snail (Lymn&us) 

 PLATE 38. Embryos of various vertebrates ..... Following 



FIG. 20. Tadpole of salamander ........ 



PLATE 39. American lobster . . " . . . . Following 



PLATE 40. A. Central nervous system of crawfish. B. "Blue crabs 11 " 

 PLATE 41. A. "Mysis stage" in the development of the American lobster. 

 B. Mysis stenolepis. C. Leg of Mysis stenolepis . Following 



FIG. 21. Three stages in the development of a crab 



FIG. 22. Hydra. A diagrammatic longitudinal section . . . . 



FIG. 23. Gastrula of a coral polyp (Monaxenia darwinii) . 

 PLATE 42. Longitudinal sections of gastrulae of: A. frog, young. B. frog, 

 older. C. chick . . ; '^. . > .Following 



FIG. 24. Longitudinal sections of gastrulae of various animals 

 PLATE 43. Antlers of a stag, showing the addition of new branches in suc- 

 cessive years . - Following 



FIG. 25. Fossil deer antlers 



FIG. 26. Successive forms of Paludina from the tertiary deposits of Slavonia 



PLATE 44. Archceopteryx lithographica Following 



PLATE 45. Fossil skeletons of: A. Hesperornis regalis. B. Ichthyornis 

 victor. C. Phrodactylus spectabilis . . . Following 



FIG. 27. Skeleton of a crow 



50 

 5 

 5 2 

 52 



52 

 52 

 57 

 62 

 64 

 88 

 89 

 90 

 9 2 

 94 

 94 

 94 



94 



94 

 95 

 95 

 97 

 98 



98 

 100 



101 

 102 



102 

 103 



106 



107 



108 



1 08 



1 08 



110 



