HEAD AND ANTERIOR CERVICAL STRUCTURES. 33 



Veins, 653. (640) 



Pterygoid plexus : 



Middle meningeal. Posterior dental vein. Mandibular. Masseteric. 

 Buccal. Pterygoid veins. Deep temporal. Spheno-palatine vein. 

 Supraorbital. Superior palatine. Ophthalmic. Vesalian vein. 

 Internal maxillary vein. 

 Pterygoideus externus, 470-1-2. (464-5) 

 Origin : Upper head. 

 Lower head. 



Insertion : Upper head. 

 Lower head. 



Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. Variations. 

 The temporo-mandibular articulation, 189-90-1-2. (198-9-200-1) 



Class: Diarthrosis. Subdivision : Ginglymo-Arthrodia. 



Capsular ligament : 

 Anterior portion. 

 Posterior portion. 



External portion, or external lateral ligament. 

 Internal portion, or short internal lateral ligament. 



Remove the external portion of the capsular ligament, and expose the interior of the joint and 

 the interarticular cartilage. 



Interarticular cartilage. 

 Two synovial membranes. 

 Spheno-mandibular ligament. 

 Stylo-mandibular ligament. 

 Arterial supply. 

 Nerves. 

 Movements: 



Ginglymoid, or hinge character. 



Horizontal gliding action. 



Oblique rotary. 



Divide the ligaments of the temporo-mandibular articulation and throw forward the articular process, 

 with the attached insertions of the external pterygoid ; in doing this, special care must be exercised not 

 to injure structures immediately internal to the joint. The small branches of the first portion of the 

 internal maxillary artery can now be traced to the base of the skull. The mandibular division of the 

 fifth nerve should be exposed and its branches traced. 



Third or mandibular division of the fifth nerve, 801-2-3-4. (783-4-5-6) 

 Recurrent nerve. 

 Nerve to the internal pterygoid. 

 Anterior portion : 

 Temporal nerves. 

 Masseteric nerve. 

 Nerve to the external pterygoid. 

 Long buccal nerve. 

 Posterior portion: 



Auriculo-temporal nerve : 

 Articular branch. 

 Nerves to the meatus. 

 Parotid branches. 

 Mandibular nerve : 

 Mylo-hyoid. 

 (Alveolar branches.) 

 (Incisive branch.) 

 Lingual nerve. 



Chorda tympani, 808. (790) 

 Pterygoideus internus, 472. (465-6) 



Origin. Insertion. Structure. Nerve-supply. Action. Relations. 



