FOLIATION. 21 



Observation. 1. Foliation, which is in fact the structure of the 

 leaf bud, is not only curious, but affords a means of distinguishing 

 plants in the dormant season. 



2. Buds are various in their forms and structure, but very uni- 

 form in the same species or even genus. 



Various modes of Foliation. 



1. CONVOLUTE BUD, (gemma convoluta.) PL 3, fig, 1. 

 Rolled together. Ex. Many of the grasses. 



Q. INVOLUTE, (involuta.) PL 3, fig*. 3. Lateral 

 margins roiled spirally inwards on both sides. Ex. 

 Violet. 



3. REVOLUTE, (reroduta.} PL 3, fig. 3. Lateral 

 margins rolled spirally backwards on both sides. Ex. 

 Coltsfoot, Tussitago, and some species of Willow. 



4. CONDUPLICATE, (conduplicata.) PI. 3, fig. 4. 

 One side of the leaves doubled upon the other at the 

 mid rib. Ex. Beech and Rose. 



5. OBVOIAJTE, (obvoluta.} PL 3, fig. 5. "When their 

 respective margins alternately embrace the straight 

 margin of the opposite side. Ex. Pink, Dianthus. 



6. EQ.UITANT, (equitantia.} PL 3, fig, 6. Riding ; 

 when the sides of the leaves lie parallel and approach 

 in such a manner as that the outer embrace the inner. 

 Ex. Iris, Acorus, Sedge-grass, Carex. 



7. PLICATE, (plicata.] PL 3, fig. 7. Plaited, fold- 

 ed up like a fan. Ex. Maple, Alder, Mallow. 



8. IMBRICATE, (imbricata^ PL 3, fig. 8. Laid 

 over one another like tiles. Ex. Campanula. 



9. RECXINATE, (reclinata.) Leaf reflected down- 

 wards toward the petiole. Ex. Monk's-hood, Aconitum. 



10. CIRCINAL, (cirdnalia.) PL 3, fig. 9. Rolled 

 spirally downwards. Ex. Ferns, Filices. 



Contents of the Bud. 



1. FLOWER-BE AKING BUD, (gemma Jlonfera) a bud 

 containing the rudiments of flowers. 



2. LEAF BEARING, (foliifera) containing rudiments 

 of leaves only. 



