MUSCI. ANDREAEACEAE, PHASCACEAE, BRFINEAE. 



1 8 5 



exhibit the same internal differentiation of the capsule as the true Mosses, though 

 in a rather more simple form, the genus Archidium, as was stated above, differs 

 considerably from them. The stalk of the sporogonium swells, as in Sphagnum, 

 and even recalls the Hepaticae ; the roundish capsule bursts the calyptra at the 



B 



FIG. 140. Archidium phascoides. A longitudinal section of the young 

 sporogonium showing the mother-cell m of the spores ; ./foot of the sporogo- 

 nium, -w wall of the capsule, * the intercellular space, c the cells round the 

 mother-cell. B longitudinal section through the young sporogonium with the 

 calyptra and vaginula ; h the cavity from which the mother-cell of the spores 

 has fallen, -v the vaginula, st the stem, b the leaves, a the neck of the arche- 

 gonium. After Hofmeister, magn. 200 times. 



FIG. 141. Archidium phas- 

 coides. Longitudinal section 

 through a nearly mature sporo- 

 gonium ; -w wall of the sporogo- 

 nium, sp the spores, v the vaginula, 

 b leaves of the stem s. After 

 Hofmeister, magn. 100 times. 



side, and does not carry it up with it as a cap. Other points of difference have been 

 already mentioned. 



4. In the Bryineae or true Mosses the sporogonium has always a stalk, the seta, and 



FIG. 142. Fitnarta hygrometrica . A a young leafy stem g, with FIG. 143. The mouth of the theca A" 



the calyptra c. B a plant g with the almost mature sporogonium, of of Fontinalis antipyretica. Outer peri- 



which j is the seta, / the capsular portion, c the calyptra. C longi- stome ap, inner peristome ip. After 



tudinal section of the capsular portion dividing it into two symmetri- Schimper, magn. 50 times, 

 cal halves ; d the lid, a the annulus, p the peristome, c, c> the 

 columella, h air-space, j archesporium. 



usually a long one ; the seta is cylindrical, bluntly pointed at the lower end, and firmly 

 fixed in the vaginula ; the capsule opens by throwing off its upper portion as a lid, the 

 operculum, which either separates simply and smoothly from the lower part of the 



