ANTHROPOIDEA. 



727 



they are the highest apes and likest man, they are called 

 Anthropoid. 



These apes are less like quadrupeds trian the others ; they 

 have no distinct tail nor cheek pouches. Only in the Gibbon 

 are. there ischial callosities, and these are small. The arms 

 are much longer than the legs. The sternum is broad. 

 The caecum has a vermiform appendix. As in the lower 

 Old World apes, the dentition is like that of man 2123. 



FIG. 266. Skull of Gorilla. (From Edinburgh Museum 

 of Science and Art.) 



The Gibbons (Hylobates] live in S.-E. Asia, especially in the Malayan 

 region. The largest attains a height of three feet. They walk erect 

 with the hands reaching the ground. The skull is not prolonged into 

 a vertical crest. There is an os centrale in the carpus. The hallux is 

 well-developed. They are the highest apes with hints of ischial callosi- 

 ties. They are mainly arboreal in their habits. They feed on fruits, 

 leaves, shoots, eggs, young birds, spiders, and insects. Their voice is 

 powerful. As regards teeth, the gibbons are most like man. 



The Orangs (Simia] live in swampy forests in Sumatra and Borneo. 

 The males measure over four feet. They walk on their knuckles and 



